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一种自鸣得意、沾沾自喜的状态，通常指对自己的成就或地位感到优越，并带有一种轻视他人的意味。
"In the 1970s, French democratic smugness came under fire from foreign historians."
奇异的、怪诞的；不自然地、令人不安地奇特。用来形容法西斯主义是左翼和右翼思想的“奇特怪异”的结合。
"in fact, it was where fascism first emerged, as the freakish combination of left-wing anti-capitalism and right-wing nationalism."
（赛跑等中的）最后一段直道；比喻义指一项任务或过程的最后、最关键的阶段。
"For a century after the 1789 Revolution, France was admired – or feared – as a source of liberal and progressive ideas. John Stuart Mill hailed the revolution as evidence that ‘democracy’ could become ‘the creed of the nation’. As late as 1914, France was Europe’s most advanced liberal democracy. Unlike in Britain, all men in France could vote, and had been able to do so since 1848. Unlike Germany’s, France’s government was answerable to an elected parliament. Apart from the Swiss confederacy, France was Europe’s sole republic. To this day, the French think of their country as the cradle of liberal democracy."
偏离正常或预期轨道的事物；一种反常现象或偏差。在此语境中指维希政权被认为是历史常规之外的“一个特例”。
"Paxton's Vichy France ... demolished the belief that the Vichy regime was an aberration."
彻底摧毁、推翻（一种信念、观点或理论）。
"The most effective blow was dealt by the American Robert Paxton, whose Vichy France: Old Guard and New Order (1972) demolished the belief that the Vichy regime was an aberration."
（气味或味道）腐臭的、酸败的。在此比喻用法中，形容《犹太法国》一书中的指控是“腐朽、令人作呕”的。
"Its 1200 pages of rancid and libellous accusations against Jews sold sixty thousand copies within a year."
构成文字诽谤的；以书面形式发表不实之词以损害他人声誉的。
"Its 1200 pages of rancid and libellous accusations against Jews sold sixty thousand copies within a year."
涉猎、浅尝；不认真地、非专业地参与或介入某事。
"La Droite révolutionnaire, 1885-1914 ... arguing that France did not dabble in fascism only during the dark 1940s."
（尤指不愉快的事情）即将发生的；逼近的
"Remember that scene from Martin Scorsese’s “The Wolf of Wall Street,” wherein Jordan Belfort sells a hapless investor shares in Aerotyne — “a couple of brothers making radar detectors out of their garage” — by pitching it as a cutting-edge high-tech firm awaiting imminent patent approval?"
毫无价值；一事无成；最终化为泡影
"That, essentially, is the OTC: a market for companies held up as the next big thing, most of which amount to nothing."
自称的；自封的（通常含贬义）
"These self-styled DarkPulse shareholders, aka “Zillas,” having adopted Godzilla as their mascot..."
（常指华而不实的）言辞；花言巧语；修辞
"But while the company’s CEO and its loyal shareholders were celebrating the bright future being promised, the underlying financials never came close to matching such rhetoric."
实现；成为现实；变为事实
"In financial markets, as long as one is careful with legalities, it is apparently permissible to make extravagant promises that never materialize."
（言行等）过度的；不切实际的；奢侈的
"In financial markets, as long as one is careful with legalities, it is apparently permissible to make extravagant promises that never materialize."
（未经证实地）指控；断言；宣称
"O’Leary has since deleted many of the relevant social media posts, though they remain documented in 2023 court filings alleging DarkPulse engaged in misleading promotional activity and repeatedly overstated its business prospects..."
夸大；夸张；言过其实
"O’Leary has since deleted many of the relevant social media posts, though they remain documented in 2023 court filings alleging DarkPulse engaged in misleading promotional activity and repeatedly overstated its business prospects..."
（尤指需要努力的）事业；尝试；活动
"Stock trading was once an exclusive endeavor for investment bankers and the wealthy; now, anyone with a smartphone can open a brokerage account and build a portfolio."
象征……的；作为……的典型
"GameStop was a struggling brick-and-mortar retailer whose decline, to many, was emblematic of an earlier era of American consumer culture."
混合物；（尤指不同事物的）集合体
"“FinTwit,” an amalgam of “financial Twitter,” and the term now used to describe the loosely organized network of finance-related discourse that operates primarily on Twitter (now X), Reddit and similar platforms, has been active for years."
（在重要性、程度上）超过；压倒；取代
"But what changed in 2021 was the scale of retail participation, driven by the GameStop saga, as well as pandemic lockdowns..."
（漫长的）一系列事件；长篇故事；传奇
"But what changed in 2021 was the scale of retail participation, driven by the GameStop saga, as well as pandemic lockdowns..."
灾难性的；造成极大损失的；极糟糕的
"Real men hold the line, however red the chart. The carnival’s operators can encourage speculators to opt for risk over shame, and the result is a culture in which the pressure to hold and endure (or HODL, in FinTwit parlance) can override the basic financial logic that would otherwise guide many participants to get out while they still can."
确认偏误（倾向于寻找、解释和回忆那些能证实自己已有信念的信息的认知偏差）
"The DD that travels best tends to be bullish (in financial terms, bulls hold a positive outlook, while bears are negative), telling the crowd what they want to hear, that a target price an order of magnitude higher is inevitable and that those who sell will regret it forever."
一个数量级（通常是10倍，在更广泛的语境中可指‘非常大’）
"The DD that travels best tends to be bullish (in financial terms, bulls hold a positive outlook, while bears are negative), telling the crowd what they want to hear, that a target price an order of magnitude higher is inevitable and that those who sell will regret it forever."
（宗教上的）赦罪；（责任或罪恶的）免除；开脱
"Creators tell their audience what to buy and why, then seek to avoid the ethical weight of that influence. This isn’t a question of legality: no laws are being broken when a person makes investments based on the advice of strangers online. But it is a question of responsibility — and certainly, morality — in an economy where trust has been monetized and where persuasion is routinely detached from accountability."
责任；问责制；有责任承担责任的状态
"But it is a question of responsibility — and certainly, morality — in an economy where trust has been monetized and where persuasion is routinely detached from accountability."
将（某物）转化为收入；使货币化；变现
"Influencers monetize attention, so their revenue streams don’t require their audience to profit. They require only continued engagement so they can get paid by platforms while pushing affiliate links and pursuing sponsorships."
副业；兼职（通常指能赚取额外收入的）
"After all, if they really were all the financial gurus they pretend to be, why would they need a side hustle making videos for YouTube?"
人为制造的紧迫感；制造出来的急迫性
"Anthony’s YouTube content and clickbait titles offer a masterclass in manufactured urgency: “Crypto Awaiting This Major Flashing Signal For The Real Altcoin Move! DO NOT MISS IT!!”, “Crypto Has 6 Days Left Before This MAJOR Shift Happens! Be Ready!!!”, “The ULTIMATE Bull Signal! Once In A Lifetime Event Coming”, “These Altcoins Can Make You Rich But You Need To Know Something.”"
微不足道的；微薄的；无价值的
"The current market cap of Elmo — that is, the total value of every circulating ELMO token — comes, again, at the time of writing, to a paltry $255,570. But Perry once told his many followers that “ELMO Will Be The Next Meme Coin To Make Millionaires!!!”"
直言不讳的；激烈表达的；能言善辩的
"Matthew Perry, who posts under the handle @Perry8k to an audience of over 200,000 YouTube subscribers, operates similarly. Perry has been among the most vocal promoters of JasmyCoin (which trades as JASMY)..."
拉高出货（一种市场操纵行为：先低价买入，再通过虚假宣传推高价格，然后高价抛售获利）
"What Davis was allegedly doing is called a “pump and dump,” a form of market manipulation in which a person or group acquires a position in a security or token, promotes it to inflate its price, and then sells into the demand their own promotion has generated."
难以理解的；神秘的；高深莫测的
"The carnival, it turns out, does not need to hide; it operates in the open, and the absence of consequences is itself part of the show, a silence that participants interpret as permission and that operators interpret as invitation."
绞刑架下的幽默；绝境中的黑色幽默
"They describe themselves as “regarded,” a deliberate misspelling that circumvents Reddit’s automated moderation of the underlying slur and functions as a self-deprecating acknowledgment of their role within this carnival economy. They joke about diamond-handing to zero and share screenshots of devastated portfolios with a gallows humor that suggests they understand, on some level, that the game is structured against them."
绰号；别名；昵称
"Another influencer, Lark Davis, often goes by the moniker “The Crypto Lark,” and has built a following of roughly two million across X and YouTube."
坦率；真诚；直言不讳
"When Fortune contacted Davis, he admitted the analysis was correct, though his defense was striking for its candor: “Investors need to secure profits when they have them, which is what I do and did.”"
不稳定的；危险的；不确定的
"As long as the gap between what a life costs and what labor pays continues to widen, reckless financial speculation will likely feel like the only game in town."
利用（某人的弱点或脆弱性）牟利；捕食
"How finfluencers prey on economic desperation."
不幸的；倒霉的；运气不好的
"Remember that scene from Martin Scorsese’s “The Wolf of Wall Street,” wherein Jordan Belfort sells a hapless investor shares in Aerotyne — “a couple of brothers making radar detectors out of their garage” — by pitching it as a cutting-edge high-tech firm awaiting imminent patent approval?"
被根除，被彻底消灭
"When ecologists relocated dozens of bighorn sheep from Oregon, eastern Wyoming and other locations to the Rocky Mountains to restore populations eradicated by hunters, the animals — typically seasonal migrants — had no idea what to do."
触怒/惹恼（某人），引起不快
"It decenters Homo sapiens as the genesis of all culture on Earth in a way that has historically ruffled feathers — even as many leading thinkers now agree that such a correction is long overdue."
站不住脚的，无法维持的
"As technology deepens humanity’s knowledge of other animal societies, a growing scientific cohort finds that distinction increasingly untenable."
被降级到从属/卑微的角色
"What’s missing from the list is any recognition that if those sheep and reindeer were not relegated to subservient roles, they would likely be engaging in ancient cultural exchanges of their own — as their species have since long before Homo sapiens emerged."
受到推崇、敬仰或尊崇的
"But seasonal droving of sheep is venerated, as are specialized techniques of reindeer herding."
自我戏仿的，自我嘲弄到几乎荒谬的
"The list runs the gamut from submissions of near-universal renown — Kabuki theater, reggae music — to the borderline self-parodic, such as Bosnian grass-mowing competitions."
涵盖从……到……的全部范围
"The list runs the gamut from submissions of near-universal renown — Kabuki theater, reggae music — to the borderline self-parodic, such as Bosnian grass-mowing competitions."
显著地缺席，引人注目地不存在
"They are conspicuously absent from the list of roughly 800 “intangible” cultural heritage practices and expressions recognized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)."
抹去，擦除（本语境中指消除知识）
"If a herd’s traditional pathways are disrupted, such as by human interference, it expunges “generations of knowledge.”"
精明地、巧妙地构建/开辟（的路线）
"The local herds traveled along time-tested pathways they had learned from their ancestors — reliable routes that had been shrewdly forged between high-risk predation areas and short plant-growth seasons."
未得到充分认可或承认的
"From architectural traditions to ancient courtship rituals, evidence of animal cultures is overwhelming but underacknowledged."