Vocabulary

海洋死亡区，由于水体富营养化导致溶解氧耗尽，水生生物无法存活的区域。

"After it began to be produced synthetically in the early 20th century, the excess nitrogen released into waterways began to cause toxic algal blooms and marine dead zones."

藻华，水体中藻类大量快速繁殖的现象，常由富营养化（如氮磷过量）引起。

"After it began to be produced synthetically in the early 20th century, the excess nitrogen released into waterways began to cause toxic algal blooms and marine dead zones."

（问题、信息、情感等）浮现，暴露出来，变得明显。

"Concerns about its safety began to surface in the early 2010s."

（专利）期满，到期失效。

"In the 1990s, with its patent set to expire, Monsanto succeeded in creating genetically modified soybeans resistant to glyphosate."

干燥剂，一种能促使物质干燥的物质。

"It’s the main weedkiller used on 80 per cent of genetically modified crops, as well as many non-GM crops, and it is also a drying agent, which makes it particularly useful in wet countries such as Britain."

除草剂，用于杀死或抑制植物生长的化学物质。

"It’s the main weedkiller used on 80 per cent of genetically modified crops, as well as many non-GM crops, and it is also a drying agent, which makes it particularly useful in wet countries such as Britain."

在法庭或法律文件中指控，但尚未被证实。

"In 2018, the German company Bayer bought the US agrochemical giant Monsanto, inheriting not just its vast portfolio of seeds and pesticides, but also thousands of lawsuits alleging that glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup herbicide, causes cancer."

在此语境中，指公司所拥有的产品、业务或资产的集合。

"In 2018, the German company Bayer bought the US agrochemical giant Monsanto, inheriting not just its vast portfolio of seeds and pesticides, but also thousands of lawsuits alleging that glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup herbicide, causes cancer."

在此语境中，指通过并购而自然承继（负面资产，如法律诉讼），并非主动选择。

"In 2018, the German company Bayer bought the US agrochemical giant Monsanto, inheriting not just its vast portfolio of seeds and pesticides, but also thousands of lawsuits alleging that glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup herbicide, causes cancer."

有闲阶层的生活模式/典范

"but Nick and Nora... are the leisured model to which all others aspire"

（尤指男人）柔弱的、做作的；（现代用法中常指）过于精致、近乎妖冶的

"Loy would look a bit fey if it weren't for those highly arched eyebrows"

笛卡尔式喜剧（将身体与心灵分开的喜剧风格）

"denying the kind of Cartesian comedy that separates body from mind"

下流、粗俗（尤指性方面的粗俗幽默）

"bawdiness, tough comedy, moral discretion"

双关语（尤指带色情/暧昧含义的）

"The code got rid of her mode of double entendre"

不平衡的、怪异的、偏离常规的

"West made eroticism funny, or simply off-kilter"

浪荡子；在道德/性方面放荡不羁的人

"a parody of the male libertine"

母系氏族式的、年长的性感妖妇/勾引者

"she's the matriarch vamp, a parody of the male libertine"

黑手党首领中的首领；最高头目（意大利语原文）

"like the capo dei capi of the Bowery"

大摇大摆地行走、趾高气昂地行动；显示自信/傲慢

"she's a saloon singer, swaggering about in crystals like the capo dei capi of the Bowery"

无尽地、持续不断地（带有负面/疲惫的暗示）

"opposites, interminably, attract"

（金钱）紧缺的、拮据的（此处为'strapped for cash'的简写）

"the gold-digger will end up with the strapped cab driver"

预期性的；预先知道/预示结局的

"its ironies are reassuringly proleptic: the gold-digger will end up with the strapped cab driver"

（早期电影）两卷胶片的短喜剧片（通常约20分钟）

"farceurs from Mack Sennett's two-reelers"

滑稽的、古怪有趣的（以不动声色的方式）

"so droll and fluid he makes Gable seem tense"

闹剧演员；专演滑稽戏的演员

"many of its stars were vaudevillians, singers, stuntmen, Ziegfeld girls or farceurs from Mack Sennett's two-reelers"

过度关注细微区别、在无关紧要的事情上做精细区分的人

"a grade-A hair-splitter"

表情严肃、毫无幽默感的；板着脸的

"it's not long before you begin to sound like Gary Cooper's po-faced grammarian in Ball of Fire"

在琐碎细节上争论不休；吹毛求疵

"but then you end up quibbling about the Broadway farce v. the populist comedy v. the Lubitsch picture"

古怪的、疯癫的、出问题的（在特定语境中指令人困惑的荒谬）

"So what's screwy in screwball comedy, the world it depicts or the people in it?"

（声音或行为）古怪、迷幻、略带疯癫的

"her loopy Bryn Mawr voice"

傻乎乎、疯癫的状态；轻浮的古怪

"for all her daffiness, her relentless speed, her loopy Bryn Mawr voice, she's often telling the truth"

跟在后面；被带着/拖着走

"with Cary Grant's palaeontologist in tow"

处于……领导或主导地位；掌管、引导

"At the helm of these crazies, with Cary Grant's palaeontologist in tow, is Katharine Hepburn's Susan."

（指人）古怪、疯癫、不合常规的人；（指喜剧类型）疯癫喜剧

"Everyone you met was a screwball."

好色的、淫荡的、挑逗情欲的

"When West is described as 'lascivious' or 'suggestive'"

自负的，冒失的，受冲撞的；形容人过于自信或自以为是，且言行冒犯

"This bespoke material worked well for Caesar, but not always for his bumptious collaborators, some of whom took out an ad in Variety to vent about Caesar’s vaunted improvisational genius."

荒谬可笑的，荒唐的；因不合常理或荒诞不经而可笑

"In the first flush of his fame, Caesar was often compared to Charlie Chaplin. This seems a far-fetched, even ludicrous claim now."

（评论、批评、观点）尖锐的，犀利的，一针见血的

"Or are the confusions of wordplay giddier than Abbott and Costello’s ‘Who’s on First’? Not by a long chalk. Even Caesar’s trademark double-talk – he could riff in the sound of innumerable languages, including Chinese – didn’t originate with him but had been a staple of Broadway folderol since the brothers Willie and Eugene Howard imported it from vaudeville into a series of George White’s Scandals, one of the most popular American revues of the 1920s and 1930s."

富足的图腾；一个象征丰裕、崇拜物的标志性物品

"Television was the totem of plenty: it cast a new spell of contentment over the land."

集体的醉态；此处喻指一种举国上下被成功与乐观冲昏头脑的狂欢状态

"Philip Roth called it the greatest moment of ‘collective inebriation in American history’."

（经济、市场等）繁荣的，活跃的，保持上涨势头的

"Those who were born in the US in the early 1940s, as I was, came of age in the most buoyant period of the 20th century."

（从零开始）组建、建立（一个组织、机构或系统）

"Some strategic investments require government to take the measures necessary to establish an ownership position: standing up entirely new domestic capacity in a sector dominated by foreign competitors..."

与……同属一类；与……一致（通常后接'with'）

"这些承诺与更广泛的干预措施是一致的... (The sentence is in English, but the analysis is in Chinese, and the pattern is at the end) These commitments sit alongside broader interventions, such as the Chips and Science Act..."

（组织、系统或能力）衰退，萎缩，因缺乏使用或支持而功能退化

"defense-industrial reconstitution, where the market failure is supply chain atrophy and coordination collapse, not labor cost differentials;"

（在商业活动中）掠夺性的，以不正当手段伤害其他企业或消费者的

"Among these sectors are rare earth processing, where proven American technology faces predatory state-backed pricing;"

（原本期望或计划的事物）成为现实，实现；显现

"EV demand materialized far more slowly than projected, manufacturing costs remained high without the scale to drive them down, and no institutional mechanism existed to bridge the gap between a working technology and a commercially viable industry."