Vocabulary

一种系统化的快速试错机制，用于在早期阶段以最低成本获取失败信息，从而加速学习和迭代

"We need a failure machine at the top of the funnel."

将产品或体验系统地拆解为其基本组成部分，以理解其运作原理和情感效果；在此语境中特指'有意识地剖析用户心理体验'

"commit to a career of deconstructing and just anytime a new product comes out, be a student of yourself in that experience"

在当代创业文化中指'凭直觉、氛围或非正式共识快速原型化或决策'，不经过严格的正式流程

"We need to get to a minimum idea state that gets vibe coded."

最小、不可再分的创新组成部分；指在检验新想法时，需要拆解成极小而独立的实验单元，而非一次性推出完整产品

"look in much smaller atomic units of innovation for new"

在特定语境中，指极度、持续地专注于用户需求，近乎执念——带有积极色彩，形容一种驱动产品优化的深层关注

"why the best builders stay obsessed with what users actually want"

因不断做出非核心或战略性妥协而导致产品或创始人逐渐丧失生命力与方向，最终失败的渐进过程

"how to avoid 'death by compromise' as a founder"

谴责；公开指责；告发

"He then explores the relationship between fairy tales and language, denouncing Max Müller’s view of mythology as a “disease of language”."

同时代的；同年龄的；共存的

"The human mind, endowed with the powers of generalization and abstraction, sees not only green-grass, discriminating it from other things (and finding it fair to look upon), but sees that it is green as well as being grass. But how powerful, how stimulating to the very faculty that produced it, was the invention of the adjective: no spell or incantation in Faerie is more potent. And that is not surprising: such incantations might indeed be said to be only another view of adjectives, a part of speech in a mythical grammar. The mind that thought of light, heavy, grey, yellow, still, swift, also conceived of magic that would make heavy things light and able to fly, turn grey lead into yellow gold, and the still rock into a swift water. If it could do the one, it could do the other; it inevitably did both. When we can take green from grass, blue from heaven, and red from blood, we have already an enchanter’s power — upon one plane; and the desire to wield that power in the world external to our minds awakes. It does not follow that we shall use that power well upon any plane. We may put a deadly green upon a man’s face and produce a horror; we may make the rare and terrible blue moon to shine; or we may cause woods to spring with silver leaves and rams to wear fleeces of gold, and put hot fire into the belly of the cold worm. But in such “fantasy,” as it is called, new form is made; Faerie begins; Man becomes a sub-creator."

单调的；乏味的；无光彩的；土褐色的

"We need, in any case, to clean our windows; so that the things seen clearly may be freed from the drab blur of triteness or familiarity—from possessiveness."

被迫受苦；受冷落；凋零；失去活力

"If men were ever in a state in which they did not want to know or could not perceive truth (facts or evidence), then Fantasy would languish until they were cured."

使庸俗化；使通俗化（带贬义）

"In Macbeth, when it is read, I find the witches tolerable: they have a narrative function and some hint of dark significance; though they are vulgarized, poor things of their kind."

极其有害的；恶性的；致命的

"Among those who still have enough wisdom not to think fairy-stories pernicious, the common opinion seems to be that there is a natural connexion between the minds of children and fairy-stories, of the same order as the connexion between children’s bodies and milk."

僭取；霸占；擅取（权力、权利等）

"I propose, therefore, to arrogate to myself the powers of Humpty-Dumpty, and to use Fantasy for this purpose: in a sense, that is, which combines with its older and higher use as an equivalent of Imagination the derived notions of “unreality” (that is, of unlikeness to the Primary World), of freedom from the domination of observed “fact,” in short of the fantastic."

非时间性地；不受时间影响的；与时间无关地。这是一个哲学和物理学专用术语，强调一种不随时间流逝、没有‘过去-现在-未来’区别的存在状态。

"There is no becoming. There is no change. There is only a block, and all of eternity exists atemporally within it."

紧密交织的构造；这里比喻空间和时间并非独立存在，而是如同编织物一样不可分割地结合在一起。

"Few ideas in modern science have reshaped our understanding of reality more profoundly than space-time — the interwoven fabric of space and time at the heart of Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity."

使模糊不清；遮蔽；掩盖。比‘blur’程度更强，具有主观意图或负面结果，主动地‘藏匿’或‘遮掩’了真相。

"The result is a metaphysical model that, at best, lacks clarity, and at worst obscures the very nature of reality."

模糊了界限；使区分变得困难。通常用于区分两个看似不同的概念、类别或状态。

"When physicists say that space-time “exists,” they are often working within a framework that has quietly blurred the line between existence and occurrence."

努力应对；试图解决（难题）。原意是‘扭打，搏斗’，引申为与一个复杂或棘手的问题进行思想上的‘搏斗’。

"However, neither grapples with what kind of existence that implies, or how space-time differs from a map of events."

（比喻）悄悄地、违法地、或不知不觉地重新引入时间的概念。‘Smuggle’原指走私，这里形象地描绘出我们在讨论时空存在时，会不自觉地将我们日常对‘时间流逝’的理解偷渡回一个本应没有时间维度的模型中。

"But it reveals a deep problem: we have no coherent way to talk about what it means for space-time to exist without accidentally smuggling time back in through an added dimension that isn’t part of the physics."

（系统地）记录；（像编目录一样）详细记载。这里指时空结构并非创造事件，而是像一个目录一样，将宇宙中所有发生过的事件都记录下来，形成一个完整的清单。

"An existing elephant endures over time, and space-time catalogues every moment of its existence as a four-dimensional world line — an object’s path through space and time throughout its existence."

使...变得模糊、混乱或不清。本意是‘使沾上泥巴’，引申为使事情变得像泥水一样浑浊，难以看清。

"Eternalism muddies this distinction."

隐喻；暗喻。一种修辞手法，将一个事物直接说成是另一个事物，以揭示其相似性。这里指物理学家用‘布料’来形容时空结构是一种比喻性的说法。

"But what does it really mean to say that space-time exists? What kind of thing is it — is space-time structure, substance or metaphor?"

（名词）猫薄荷；比喻对某人有极大吸引力或使其着迷的事物

"All of this makes the problem catnip to mathematicians."

骑墙，介于两者之间，模糊界线

"The Collatz conjecture continued to straddle the line between recreational and research mathematics for a while yet."

改名换姓，重新包装（常含贬义，暗示换汤不换药）

"From there it spread through mathematical networks and even appears to have been rediscovered and rebadged by other mathematicians, going by many names, such as the Syracuse problem, Hasse’s algorithm or even just the 3x+1 problem."

令人惊叹的，极其震撼的（常指信息或体验）

"Mathematicians have discovered a mind-blowing new kind of infinity"

（艺术家、作家、科学家）多产的，作品丰富的

"Indeed, Paul Erdős, one of the most prolific mathematicians of the 20th century, once said that “mathematics may not be ready for such problems”."

（计划、理论或推理）逐渐瓦解、崩溃，被证明是错的

"...only to have their hopes dashed as the proof unravels."

（希望、计划）破灭，化为泡影

"It has become a meme that jumps from brain to brain, with many people claiming to have solved it, only to have their hopes dashed as the proof unravels."

极其、非常（通常指困难、复杂或令人不悦的事物）

"Almost a century ago, a mathematician came up with a puzzle that was so seemingly simple and yet so fiendishly difficult that it has been distracting other mathematicians ever since."

涉及多个学科或领域的（此处指工作问题的复杂性需要跨学科视角）

"Every member of your team is a whole person, and since so many of the problems we face at work are interdisciplinary, understanding who each individual is beyond the 9-to-5 is valuable."

即将出版的；乐于提供信息的

"...the forthcoming book, Sharing Space: An Astronaut’s Guide to Mission, Wonder, and Making Change, due out July 2024."

示范、树立榜样（此处指通过自身行为展示某种品质）

"The challenges in gaining trust will always be there, but if you model vulnerability, openness and understanding for your team, you’ll find the rewards will always be there, too."

弄清楚根本原因（why）和具体事实（what）

"Make sure to ask: why has this happened, why do they feel this way, and what can be done about it? Be open to different points of view, and don’t give up if you don’t get through at first."

打破、违背（信任、协议或安全）

"If a new challenge has arisen or trust has been breached, Coleman reminds us to 'always figure out the why and the what.'"

棘手的、需要技巧才能处理的

"These challenges make fostering trust tricky, but they are also moments of opportunity."

（经过努力后）逐渐变得清晰、顺利或协调

"When you make trust-building a central goal, the rest falls into place more easily."

预算削减

"In the face of budget cuts, NASA announced that they’d be eliminating their smaller space suits. . ."

为自己辩护、主动表达自身需求或主张

"While leaders have to guide their teams, it's equally important to let everyone know that they can advocate for themselves and bring their own ideas to the table."

带来（可供分享的）资源、技能或特质

"Once you know what everyone brings to the table, you can foster the growth of qualities that can lead the team to collective success."

促进、培养（某种品质或能力）

"Once you know what everyone brings to the table, you can foster the growth of qualities that can lead the team to collective success."

愿意暴露弱点或情感脆弱性（此处指领导主动示弱以建立信任）

"Being vulnerable enough to get to know your team this way is an essential skill for any leader."

‘murky’ 在此指‘模糊不清的、晦涩的’；‘endeavour’指‘严肃的、认真的尝试或事业’。合起来指‘一项充满不确定性、难以界定和开展的模糊事业’。

"...identifying genius or elevated intelligence is a murky endeavour."

‘outsize’ 意为‘特大号的、比一般情况要大得多的’。‘outsize impact’ 指‘异乎寻常的、超乎比例的巨大影响’。

"Without Einstein’s colleagues... it wouldn’t have had the outsize impact on our understanding of reality that it does today."

在此语境中，意为‘大力鼓吹、竭力游说’，特指像传教士一样充满热情地试图说服别人接受某种信念、观点或主张。

"This might not be quite like the superintelligence that AI companies proselytise..."

复杂难解的问题，尤指那些看似无解或充满矛盾、令人困惑的谜题。

"We report how humans are already using AI’s ideas to make progress on other maths conundrums."

描述一种‘既感到敬畏惊叹又感到惊慌失措的矛盾心理状态’。

"...we learn how mathematicians are in a state of wonder and panic about the rapid rise of AI’s mathematical ability."

这是一个固定词组，意为‘发生、实现’，尤指预期或预言中的事情成为现实。

"But one corner of academia that might be seeing superintelligence come to pass is mathematics."

在此语境中指‘成为...的代名词’，即两者密不可分，一提到其中一个就会立刻联想到另一个。

"Einstein and relativity are synonymous today with genius..."

(在此语境下指) 基于经验和洞察力的决策能力，而非简单地应用规则或数据

"In this episode, Winston explains how AI is reshaping legal work, why judgment becomes more valuable as routine work gets automated..."