Vocabulary

附带地；一瞥而过地——以极简略、不深入的方式涉及某事物

"In fact, I had initially conceived of the book as more of a bibliomemoir, engaging primarily with her work and drawing on my life only glancingly, through anecdotes."

形而上的无聊——不是无事可做的无聊，而是对存在本身丧失意义的深层精神倦怠

"put behind you a period of metaphysical boredom—what, as you remind us, medieval monks called acedia."

书籍回忆录——将阅读经历与个人生活交织在一起的回忆录体裁

"In fact, I had initially conceived of the book as more of a bibliomemoir, engaging primarily with her work and drawing on my life only glancingly, through anecdotes."

见证；证词——此处特指基督教传统中信徒公开讲述自己信仰转变经历的叙事形式

"This narrative form is embedded in the Christian form of testimony, as well as in many contemporary memoirs and personal essays."

在前线；在实际工作中——源自一战堑壕战的比喻，指在最艰苦、最基层的实践中

"I know a lot of things in theory, and none of it seems to be of much help in the trenches of everyday life."

不可知论式的态度；认为知识无用的立场——此处指对苏格拉底'美德即知识'命题的反驳

"Is knowledge then a sort of know-nothingism?"

显示性偏好——经济学概念，指通过观察人的实际行为而非其声明的意愿来推断其真实偏好

"your 'revealed' preferences as opposed to your stated preferences."

警醒；守望——属灵传统中对内心状态保持持续警觉的操练

"Then there's the idea of sobriety or watchfulness."

工具主义的；功利性的——将事物仅视为达成目的之手段的思维方式

"People tend to talk about attention as focus, which is tied to productivity, and is very pragmatic, very instrumentalist."

警醒；清醒——希腊语中'注意力'一词的字面含义，东正教传统中指一种属灵的清醒状态

"In fact, the word for attention in Greek is nepsis, and it means literally I do not drink wine."

半承认的；隐约意识到的——指那些存在但不被完全正视的想法或疑虑

"I had all these half-acknowledged misgivings about finding a higher power and surrendering when we live in a world that's beset by the problem of evil."

沉睡；瞌睡——此处用于圣经语境，指属灵上的昏睡和不觉醒

"He's always warning his disciples to be watchful and vigilant: do not slumber."

彻底失败的；灾难性的——原指飞机坠毁并起火，引申为任何以惨烈方式失败的经历

"Okay, I get that, given some of the crash-and-burn stories about your life told in the book."

自我和解——与自身的矛盾、缺陷和分裂状态达成内在统一

"I don't know if anybody can reach that place of total self-reconciliation."

令人反省的；使人谦卑的——此处指一种迫使作者重新审视自身写作方式的坦诚告白

"The introduction to Will and Attention concludes with a chastening admission: the kind of autobiography you have written in your previous books is bogus."

死胡同；困境——此处比喻自我帮助（self-help）文化将人引入的存在主义绝境

"she considers how deep-seated attitudes toward addiction, which Aristotle once called the 'irrational passions,' can lead someone into an existential cul-de-sac, if not a hell, of self-help."

不可知论式的态度；认为知识无用的立场——此处指苏格拉底'美德即知识'命题所面临的反驳

"Is knowledge then a sort of know-nothingism?"

灵性倦怠；漠然——中世纪修道院传统中所说的精神懒惰或对神圣事物的冷淡，此处指一种形而上的无聊

"a period of metaphysical boredom—what, as you remind us, medieval monks called acedia."

（法语）检验者；试金者——旧时法国负责检验硬币或谷物的纯度与价值的官员

"In France, an essayeur was an official who tested coins or grain for purity and value."

书籍回忆录——一种将阅读经历与个人生活交织在一起的回忆录体裁

"In fact, I had initially conceived of the book as more of a bibliomemoir, engaging primarily with her work and drawing on my life only glancingly, through anecdotes."

警醒；清醒——希腊语中'注意力'一词的字面含义，东正教传统中指一种属灵的清醒状态

"In fact, the word for attention in Greek is nepsis, and it means literally I do not drink wine."

格言作家——以简短精炼的警句表达深刻见解的写作者

"In some ways an aphorist like Beckett, she was also, as you write, 'prone to hyperbole,' and has 'become known, for better or for worse, for some of her most severe proclamations.'"

被迷住的；入迷的——像被咒语定住一样全神贯注

"you are terrified, spellbound, amazed."

法典、手抄本；指古代的手写书籍或系统化的法律/知识汇编

两岸精英；指美国东西海岸（纽约和硅谷/好莱坞）的富裕和文化精英群体，常被批评为脱离普通美国人

引力、吸引力；比喻一种无法抗拒的、将事物拉向某个方向的强大力量

"Can a new generation of Americans, now quite far removed in time from its founders, recover within themselves and within these foundational principles, the sources of renewal that will allow them to break with the gravitational pull of history's cycles of decline and fall?"

临时的、特别的；指为特定目的而临时安排，非系统性的

初次获得经验、在某处开始职业生涯；字面意为'磨牙'，比喻在某个领域积累最初的经验

"The New Deal emerged out of the New York context, where Roosevelt cut his teeth politically before becoming president."

被扼杀的、被窒息的；比喻被压制而无法发展

"America's ability to construct a future better than its past, despite many of the technological building blocks already in place, is, they argue, strangled by red tape, an excessively legalistic culture, increasingly polarized politics..."

前排座位；比喻占据可以近距离观察重要事件发生的有利位置

"California's outgoing governor, Gavin Newsom, who's also potentially gearing up for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2028, has had a ringside seat as Silicon Valley has pushed the boundaries of AI in recent years."

共生的、互利共存的；原为生物学概念，指两种生物互相依存的关��

"Trump's approach breaks the symbiotic connection between a beneficial international order and the public goods and advantages that flow from it."

尾声、终曲；原为音乐术语，指乐曲的结束段落，引申为任何事物的结尾部分

"Here then is a coda, from, of all places, Angola."

自由放任的；指政府不干预经济事务的政策或态度

"The so-called abundance agenda, for all the attention and subsequent criticism it received, provides a helpful template for moving beyond the now-exhausted laissez-faire of the last half-century."

两岸的；特指美国东西海岸（纽约和加州），暗含精英文化和政治倾向

"The Cold War-era American diplomat George Kennan thought the geography of the United States naturally determined its geopolitics. And while the bicoastal nature of the country has offered advantages and shaped policies, the scope of U.S. influence has scaled well beyond the contours of its geography."

停滞、静止状态；指一种缺乏变化和发展的僵化状态

"For decades this state of stasis was undisturbed by a significant external threat or real geopolitical competitor, and so its corrosive effects were overlooked."

扩散、传播；在本文中特指技术在社会中的广泛采用和普及（区别于发明创造）

"Jeffrey Ding, a George Washington University scholar whose work has become increasingly influential in debates about U.S.-China competition, argues that technological contests between great powers are ultimately won not by breakthrough inventions but by the patient and long-term work of diffusion."

仔细筛选、逐一审查；原指用筛子过滤，引申为在海量信息中仔细搜寻

"He sifted through three decades of Chinese-language speeches, policy documents, party communiqués and military writings in search of an answer to a simple question..."

制高点；引申为经济或社会中具有战略控制地位的关键部门

"Although the commanding heights of creativity and innovation may continue to reside in the U.S., China is building the infrastructures of diffusion that may ultimately extract the greatest benefit from those innovations..."

近视；引申为目光短浅、缺乏远见

"The Trump Administration's myopia has made it nearly impossible for the United States to predictably shape events beyond its borders, especially in the long run."

新生的、初期的、尚在萌芽阶段的

"A historic example is how Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal in the 1930s and 1940s was woven into the fabric of the United Nations and other nascent international institutions..."

迅速增长的、蓬勃发展的

"China has an aging population, a burgeoning debt cloud, an extended property sector crisis and still lacks genuine soft power and allies."

棘手的、难以解决的；指问题极其复杂顽固，难以处理

"...while also renewing U.S. leadership abroad by helping to craft solutions to the intractable international challenge of climate change."

长时段（法语借词）；指历史分析中超越事件层面的长期结构性时间尺度

"Exit is impossible, he winks in French; the longue durée is a dead idea."

变迁、兴衰、世事变化；指事物发展过程中的变化无常

"Its one-party state rolls on in pursuit of an international environment that better reflects its own domestic values and priorities, unperturbed by the political or economic storms of the present, or the vicissitudes of democratic politics."

不受束缚的、自由无阻的；指没有障碍或限制的

"...and that untrammeled consumption and growth bring with them their own reckonings."

人类世；指人类活动成为影响地球系统的主导地质力量的地质时代

"Equally disconcerting has been the eruption, at the margins of our consciousness and culture, of the concept of deep time and the realization that our societies and economies are intrinsically entangled with the systems of the natural world; that the Anthropocene is a reality that any sustainable future must come to terms with..."