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深陷于（困境、负面情绪或复杂事务中）
"Progressivism is less concerned with forgiveness; contemporary left-of-center discourse has instead mired itself in negativity, and in particular on notions of collective guilt for colonialism, racism, and exploitation."
暗示，表明（某事是可能的或存在的）；作为一种不完整的或初步的指向
"What this movement is gesturing toward is a conception that the lifestyles enjoyed by citizens of wealthy nations are, if not outright unsustainable, then at least deeply unfair."
笨拙的失败；拙劣操作导致的失败
"It is failure and bungling."
有害的；敌对的（对生命有害）
"It is uncreative and inimical to life."
发出刺耳撞击声；此处指不和谐的拼凑灵魂
"...not a jangling hither and dither of displeasing fragmentary souls..."
尖锐地；直截了当且带有针对性
"...more pointedly than Carl Jung..."
免除责难；证明已无罪
"...and so is neurosis if it exonerates itself as having been a phase..."
持久的；拖延过长的
"Neurosis is a protracted crisis degenerated into a habit..."
灾难；大祸（比喻日常化的危机）
"...the daily catastrophe ready for use."
尖锐刺耳的；原指高频噪音，比喻情绪激烈的表达
"...less strident, less shrill — i.e., less German — more restrained..."
恭敬的；充满敬畏的
"...more restrained, more responsible, more reasonable and reverent."
有生产力的；具有创造力的（与degenerative对立）
"...Jung weighs what makes suffering generative or degenerative..."
退化的；逐步恶化的
"...Jung weighs what makes suffering generative or degenerative..."
困惑的呐喊；存在意义上的茫然呼叫
"Art is the music we make from the bewildered cry of being alive..."
彻底摧毁；情感方面的毁灭性打击
"...but often a cry of devastation at the collision between our wishes and the will of the world."
纠缠；复杂结构（尤指心理层面的盘根错节）
"It is these painful convolutions of the psyche..."
火山性；比喻创造力的猛烈爆发
"...those premature deaths — was a fair price to pay for such creative volcanicity."
在有限形式中浓缩无限意蕴（尤指诗歌以少驭多的能力）
"...where Whitman could compact infinities of feeling in a single image..."
使动摇；震撼（灵魂）
"...could unseat the soul in a word."
猛然震醒；强烈刺激我们恢复生机
"...its catalytic power as a current passing through us to jolt us alive..."
听起来空洞；缺乏真诚内涵
"I asked an elder poet friend why she thought chatGPT rang hollow where Whitman could compact infinities of feeling..."
深渊；比喻人际间难以逾越的理解隔阂
"...which is still our best instrument for bridging the abyss between us..."
媒介；工具（此处比喻语言作为连接人心的方法）
"...which is still our best instrument for bridging the abyss between us..."
分类账；此处比喻AI生成的诗歌像机械记账般堆砌陈词滥调
"It returned a ledger of cliches in rhymed couplets."
（比喻义）逐渐侵占或主宰（语言领域）
"When AI first began colonizing language — which is still our best instrument for bridging the abyss between us..."
驳斥；用证据或逻辑推翻（观点），而非单纯否认
"No one has refuted the myth of the tortured genius without negating the fact and fertility of suffering..."
陈词滥调；原指印刷铅版，现比喻过度使用而丧失表现力的套话
"It returned a ledger of cliches in rhymed couplets."
病态；关于疾病/死亡的不健康兴致
"But the moderns mistake morbidity for creative birth — part of the general lunacy of our time."
疯狂；愚妄（字面义：受月亮影响的精神错乱）
"...part of the general lunacy of our time."
刺耳的；尖锐而令人不适的
"He would have written much the same as he did, but less strident, less shrill..."
押韵；与……相似。在此比喻两个不同的事件或情况之间存在结构性的相似性或‘呼应’，尽管它们并非完全相同。
"I’m saying this because going back to what you said about China, in my view, in a certain way, it rhymes with what we are talking about now."
后裔；子孙。常指显赫家族或贵族家庭的年轻后代。
"In an ironic turn, it is often the liberal arts, college-educated scions of the Mayflower that seem to be rejecting many aspects of what America is."
四分之一千年；即250年。
"Is there a kind of quarter millennium crisis of self-confidence that the country suffers from?"
例外论。认为一个国家、民族或文化在某些方面是独特的、卓越的，因此不受普遍规则约束的信念。
"...this America which we see now, the America that is facing China, the America that is “America first,” I’m not sure anymore that it is very much believing in its exceptional nature."
凯旋门。此处特指其象征意义：一个宏大、永恒的，需要后人去完成或理解的遗产或事业。
"If you think in terms of legacy, you want somebody else to build your Arc de Triomphe."
重建；重新奠基。指一个国家、机构或理念在其根本原则和结构上进行第二次或全新的创建。
"...the country is really trying to reinvent itself and to refound itself, and to decide basically who they are."
陈词滥调；老生常谈。指因被过度使用而失去原有效力和新颖性的表达或观点。
"That liberalism is under threat is now a cliché—yet this has done nothing to stem the global resurgence of illiberalism."
非自由主义；反自由主义。一种反对或与自由主义基本原则（如个人权利、法治、有限政府）相悖的政治理念或实践。
"That liberalism is under threat is now a cliché—yet this has done nothing to stem the global resurgence of illiberalism."
现代的；当今的。用于描述某人是其历史上著名人物的现代版本或化身。
"...I think it is not asking you too much to play a kind of latter day Alexis de Tocqueville."
速通。原为电子游戏术语，指以最快的速度完成游戏。在此比喻社会在极短时间内快速经历了某个过程。
"...the fact that European societies are now societies of immigrants, have very quickly speed run become extremely diverse societies..."
融合主义者。在此特指20世纪50年代起在美国右翼中形成的一种将传统保守主义、自由意志主义（libertarianism）和反共主义融合起来的政治哲学。
"The American right has historically been quite striking, at least since the kind of fusionist right from the 1960s, by being a right that accepts the idea of liberal democracy..."
后自由主义的；指宣称自由主义已终结或失效，并试图超越或替代自由主义的政治思潮或秩序。
"I will be interviewing Francis Fukuyama about how liberalism should respond to the postliberal threat."
点燃，引发（核聚变）
"Once enough gas had accumulated, extreme pressures sparked the fires of nuclear fusion and ignited the first stars, which were drawn together to make the first galaxies."
优先地，有选择地
"Or maybe early star-forming regions preferentially created massive, extremely bright stars."
尘埃之精华，指人类是宇宙中的微尘，极其渺小和易朽
"yet, to me, what is this quintessence of dust?"
贪婪地、快速地吞噬
"In 2024, JWST saw a black hole from about 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang gobbling up material at about 40 times the Eddington limit."
恰到好处的、严苛的理想条件
"“The problem with the direct-collapse picture is that it requires really Goldilocks conditions,” Greene said."
被严密包裹或包围，如同在茧中
"Recent ideas suggest that little red dots could be black holes cocooned in thick gas, possibly representing a completely new type of object called a black hole star, in which the tight shroud of gas emits light like a stellar atmosphere."
诱人的，令人心痒难耐的（指解决方案充满希望但尚未确定）
"Now, a wave of new theories offers tantalizing solutions — but which ones portray reality is an open question."
（智力上）做复杂的、非常规的推演或解释
"“In order to get them that big so quickly, you have to do some gymnastics.”"