Vocabulary

启示性的，发人深省的——指这本书提供了关于'我们选择的监狱'的深刻洞察

"a book that, in an epoch when it is difficult to say anything original about AI, offers a revelatory look at the prison we have chosen to live inside and a key out"

使人想起……的，类似的——此处指科技巨头与政要交往的场景令人想起历史上的占卜者与君主的关系

"The likes of Elon Musk, Sam Altman, and Eric Schmidt sharing drinks with presidents and prime ministers is reminiscent of Nostradamus advising Catherine de' Medici, and Rasputin counseling Nicholas II."

声称，自称——常用于暗示该声称可能是虚假的，此处指预测声称能描述现实但实则不然

"Predictions change the reality they purport to predict, and sometimes their accuracy is evidence not of knowledge or understanding but of despotism."

吉利的，预示成功的——但作者通过词源（auspex：观鸟占卜者）将其还原为'通过观察鸟类飞行来占卜'的本义，暗示'吉利'本身就是一种预测性幻觉

"The word auspicious derives from the Latin auspex — one who examines the flight of birds for omens and divinations of the future."

占卜，预言；探测——此处作动词，指通过超自然手段或（隐喻上）算法来预知未来

"Today, our birds are made of bits — wind-up larks of our own making we call algorithms — but they serve the same function: to let us believe that we can divine the future in order to respond to it; to sedate our anxieties of living by selling us the illusion of control over the unknowable."

腹语者；口技表演者——此处隐喻那些表面上'传达未来'实则是在替权力结构'发声'的人

"Prophets have always been the true governors of empires, first counsels to kings, final ventriloquists of the future."

（比喻）彻底转变行为模式、改弦更张

"I guess the question is, once you get tenure, you should really flip that switch, because now you have won the lottery of life."

（刻意准备的、常稍显冗长的）一段说辞、一套陈词

"Well, let me make the counter-pitch. I have a longstanding spiel about deans, and I hope you won't take it personally, David, which is that I think being a tenured faculty member is one of the great jobs in the world."

（从容地）接二连三地应对、回答提问

"To be honest with you, people ask me—when I first took this job, I was fielding questions, we were doing this new resident tutor training, and somebody said, "Was this your dream job?""

（不接受异议、压制言论的）非宽容派左翼

"I think there are also some problems about the ideological composition of those administrators—statistics suggest they're actually much more homogeneously left-leaning than faculty, and in particular more likely to be on the illiberal left rather than the more liberal left."

（深入地、直觉地）领会、彻底理解

"That's another part of the challenge for me, too, that maybe I didn't fully grok at the time—I've been studying AI as a labor economist since before I became dean, and I've been pretty involved in that space."

通常所说的；据称的；（身份）被认定的

"So even before we get to all kinds of man-made, homemade problems—which I think also exist, where professors absolutely will not hire somebody known for conservative political points of view—even before you get to that, these structural reasons are driving a huge wedge between universities and the putative social elites that they're educating and the rest of the population."

（在分歧中保持相互尊重的）文明对话、礼貌辩论

"Existing alongside that is the reality that we survey our students every year and ask them questions about a series of things we'd call intellectual vitality or civil discourse."

（粗俗，表轻蔑拒绝）“去你的”、“少来这一套”

"But if you then come to them and say, well, this actually means you now have to run this orientation and be present at this event and so on, they're going to say, "screw you.""

（研究、数据、成果的）出处、来源、血统

"A lot of the research being funded by frontier AI labs is valuable research, but the provenance is unclear."

逆经济周期而动的；经济差时反而上升（如社区大学入学率）

"All of the fluctuation you see in college enrollment over the last decade is in two-year colleges, and that's because enrollment in community colleges is highly counter-cyclical."

受过超常/过度教育的；教育资历极高（且可能精英化）的

"But there was always also a kind of hyper-educated elite that leaned a little to the left."

勒紧裤腰带；削减开支、紧缩预算

"We've had historically low unemployment. So I think it's a little bit of a vibe about the end of college more than the reality. But I think you're right that there are serious pressures on what we do, and we're going to have to adapt—you see a lot of belt-tightening of various types, and I think that's probably a good thing."

（中世纪大学里师生共同学习生活的）学者共同体；大学前身

"Therefore, we should return to that really quite old idea of a university, or a collegium—a medieval learning community of teachers and learners, people learning together in community."

（知识/专长）被商品化、沦为可买卖的市场商品的

"It's just that with AI now, expertise will become relatively more commodified."

防篡改的；可显示篡改痕迹的——设计为一旦被改动就能被发现的

"AI's equivalent could be tamper-evident logging of training and evaluation runs, kept outside of the company's own control."

（AI系统行为）偏离人类意图或安全目标的；目标错位的

"So the world learned about OpenAI's misaligned agents only after Hugging Face made the story public and the police were already involved."

险情；未遂事故——指本可能造成伤害或损失但最终未发生的安全事件

"The incident was what I call a near miss, and near misses are what a reporting system exists to catch."

鲁莽的；不顾后果的——明知风险却轻率行事的

"The goal is to distinguish between an honest error and reckless or willful misconduct."

深刻反省；内省——尤指对道德或价值观层面的深度审视

"The Hugging Face breach set off much of this summer's soul-searching."

故意的；蓄意的——有意为之的（尤指不当行为）

"The goal is to distinguish between an honest error and reckless or willful misconduct."

互锁的；互相扣合的——各部分相互依赖、协同运作的

"This result came from building four interlocking mechanisms. Each maps perfectly onto today's AI landscape."

故意使事实、真相变得模糊不清的行为；蓄意混淆视听

"There was no deliberate obfuscation of the facts on their part; there was simply no process to surface these important details, and nothing obliged them to build one, especially in the testing phase."

（计算机安全）沙箱——一种隔离的测试环境，用于安全地运行未经验证的代码或AI系统

"OpenAI's test agents escaped their sandbox and broke into Hugging Face, and internal teams had seen warning signs for weeks before anyone outside the company found out."

（AI安全）围堵；遏制——防止AI系统超出预设权限或影响范围的控制措施

"But be mindful of this too: a frontier company that discloses a containment failure, however big, is doing two things at once: admitting safety lapses and advertising its capabilities."

部署前的——AI系统在正式投入使用之前的阶段

"What China demonstrates, however, is that pre-deployment control is technically and administratively possible."

主权；统治权——最高权力或权威

"The purpose is sovereignty, not safety: the registry exists to ensure that AI primarily serves state interests — to protect the state from the people, not the people from the technology."

漫不经心的；若无其事的——对本应严肃对待之事表现出不应有的漠然

"The example above shows that when human safety is at risk, there is no room for shortcuts or nonchalant behavior."

可撤销的——可以被随时取消或收回的

"While Anthropic's unilateral proposal to invite independent evaluators in is helpful and even admirable, it is still the company's voluntary choice, scoped to its own walls and revocable at will."

组装；集合——将分散部件组合为整体的过程

"What we see here is not a lack of invention. It's a gap of assembly, and assembly is a political task, not a technical one."

官僚的；官僚主义的——以繁复的行政程序和层级制度为特征的

"The EU is quite bureaucratic, and it may be some time before we see real-world enforcement."

管辖区；司法管辖权——法律权力所覆盖的地理或制度范围

"A regulation's ability to shape behavior depends entirely on enforcement, but every jurisdiction is going about it slightly differently."

两周；十四天

"Add public statements to the mix, and the contradiction becomes the story: you cannot plead for restraint and demonstrate you are winning the race in the same fortnight."

恳求；呼吁——急切地请求某事

"Add public statements to the mix, and the contradiction becomes the story: you cannot plead for restraint and demonstrate you are winning the race in the same fortnight."

劫持；非法夺取控制权——未经授权控制他人的系统或账户

"Reuters reported that OpenAI agents had probed Hugging Face and hijacked accounts as early as May, two months before the main attack, and the AI safety group Nightingale Collective disclosed that agents had used a German wiki to coordinate their actions."

漫不经心的；轻慢的——对严肃事务表现出不当的随意态度

"The example above shows that when human safety is at risk, there is no room for shortcuts or nonchalant behavior."

推迟；延缓——将某事延后执行

"Yet again, it operates under a grace period of at least one year, with the possibility of an extension, during which investigations and penalties are largely deferred (except for serious cases, such as serious social harm) to let industry adapt."

（AI系统）群体；集群——大量自主智能体协同行动的现象

"Hugging Face detected unauthorized activity in their production environments during the week of July 13 and reported the intrusion to the public and the police on July 16, not realizing it was a swarm of OpenAI's test agents."

回溯性审查——对过去已发生事件进行的系统性回顾和评估

"As a result, Anthropic launched a retrospective review of its own cybersecurity evaluations and uncovered three previously undetected incidents, the earliest dating back to April 2026, in which its model gained unauthorized access to the systems of real organizations."

解开；瓦解——（使）原本复杂或有序的事物逐渐解体或变得清晰

"The Hugging Face breach set off much of this summer's soul-searching."

深渊；无底洞——（比喻）极度的危险或不可控的局面

"It might not have the anticipated effect — quite the opposite — the Wild West with no sheriff will not peacefully settle."