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（著作）卷帙浩繁的；篇幅极其庞大的
"takes up the question of what that means throughout his voluminous notebooks"
永远地，无穷无尽地（含厌烦、无奈的语气）
"I didn't want to disappoint him but realised that I had no aptitude for banking and suspected that I would be everlastingly bored by the business world."
亲英情结，对英国文化、制度和生活方式的强烈喜爱
"Sport and the Horse, which opened in 1960, reignited Mellon's Anglophilia and his passion for Stubbs's work."
（知识、收藏、文本中的）空白，缺失部分（复数形式；单数为 lacuna）
"He systematically sought out works from all periods in an effort to ensure that there were no lacunae in his holdings."
（税收、债务等）极其沉重的，使人无法承受的
"Crippling inheritance taxes and maintenance costs, among other factors, meant that the London art market was flooded with traditional British paintings and other works of art."
布杂艺术风格（巴黎美术学院派建筑风格，以华丽、对称、古典装饰为特征）
"Unlike the Frick in New York or the Huntington in San Marino, California, which showcase the collections amassed by Americans of an earlier generation in their own Beaux-Arts mansions, the YCBA has always been housed in a structure purpose-built as a museum."
面向未来的保护措施，使（建筑、系统等）能适应未来需求
"Rather, the emphasis has been on conserving and future-proofing the building."
石灰华，一种多孔的沉积岩，广泛用于建筑装饰
"The museum's austere, grid-like façade of matte steel and opaque, reflective glass still gives way to serene, open-plan galleries of concrete, travertine stone and pale oak."
（博物馆、图书馆等机构所收藏的）藏品，馆藏
"Its holdings, which span the 15th century to the present day, include around 2500 paintings and sculptures, more than 50,000 works on paper and some 20,000 rare books and manuscripts."
避光的，光线封闭的（为保护光敏材料而设计的）
"With the exception of the galleries devoted to works on paper, which were designed by Kahn to be light-locked for conservation reasons, the museum is notable for its use of natural light."
并置的，并列放置以产生对比效果的
"…allowing paintings and sculptures of different centuries displayed in galleries on different floors to be juxtaposed."
以……为首尾界定，由……作为起止标志
"Mellon's first love was the long 18th century: the period bookended by the birth of William Hogarth, in 1697, and the death of J.M.W. Turner, in 1851."
在此期间，在中间那些年里
"Plans for the YCBA were announced in 1966 and the museum opened to the public in 1977 – though Mellon remained an avid collector of British art in the intervening years and beyond, continuing to donate works to the YCBA on a regular basis until his death in 1999."
广泛撒网，涉猎广泛
"But Mellon cast a wide net. He collected works from the 16th century, such as a portrait miniature of c.1530 believed, when he bought it, to be by Hans Holbein the Younger."
奠基性捐赠，构成机构建立基础的核心捐赠
"At the museum's core is a foundational gift of works from Paul Mellon, who used his banking fortune to breed racehorses and acquire beautiful objects."
可感知的，几乎可以触摸到的（形容氛围、情感等极为强烈）
"Cecily Brown's The Hound with the Horses' Hooves (2019), an enormous abstract painting which depicts, from a lowered perspective and with an almost palpable sense of energy and movement, the blurred forms of a hound and a horse crashing through woodland at speed."
慈善家，尤指通过大规模捐赠支持公共事业的富人
"His father, the financier and politician Andrew Mellon, was one of the richest men in America as well as a great philanthropist and collector."
朴素的，无装饰的（褒义）；严峻的，苦行的
"The museum's austere, grid-like façade of matte steel and opaque, reflective glass still gives way to serene, open-plan galleries of concrete, travertine stone and pale oak."
古典大师（指欧洲19世纪以前的重要画家，或他们的作品）
"In 1937, Mellon père founded the National Gallery of Art in Washington DC with a gift of 126 Old Master paintings and 26 sculptures (including works by Raphael, Botticelli, Titian, Veronese, Van Eyck, Van Dyck, Rembrandt and Vermeer), together with the funds to construct a suitably grand building in which to display them."
（知识、态度的）潜移默化，无形中的吸收（原为生物学'渗透'之意）
"His father's Old Masters – 'always around me in my childhood' – also left an imprint: 'I am sure I absorbed a fondness for them and an appreciation of them by a sort of mental osmosis.'"
视线，视廊（从特定位置可以看到的直线视野）
"As has always been the case, two vertical courtyard voids – one running the whole of the building's height, the other spanning three of its four storeys – create unexpected and visually arresting sight lines, allowing paintings and sculptures of different centuries displayed in galleries on different floors to be juxtaposed."
（言辞、争吵等）尖刻的，激烈的，充满敌意的
"Throughout his childhood, he spent time with aunts, uncles, cousins and other extended family in England, even after his parents' acrimonious divorce in 1912."
处于人生的十字路口，面临重大抉择的关键时刻
"On completing his studies, he found himself at a crossroads: I wanted to do something useful … I also knew that my father would dearly like me to make a career in the Mellon Bank."
暗中破坏；使失去效力——此处指Southbank Centre最终设法让Undercroft不再是一个自由空间
"In the years before the Southbank Centre finally managed to nobble it – even after the bank-to-wall was blocked, even after the barriers went up – the Undercroft was still a free, undetermined space."
愚蠢至极的；笨得令人难以置信的——作者用以形容Southbank Centre管理层用大锤在铺地上凿出深沟来阻止滑板者的行为
"In subsequent years access to the smaller banks was shut off with large metal barriers (skaters first learned to use them, then repeatedly tore them down; they were eventually removed), the overhead lighting was disabled, large stones were set into the 'driveway' (these are still there) and, perhaps most numbskulled of all, large furrows were jack-hammered directly into an expanse of paving."
可供性；在此语境中指建筑表面（混凝土、石材、砖块等）为滑板者提供的潜在功能与可能性——即材料的'可供滑板之用'的特质
"Who else has found the beauty in seemingly pointless 1970s municipal red-brick angled banking or is as familiar with the material qualities of concrete, stone, brick, paving, their behaviour under varying conditions, their creative affordances?"
无法根除的；不可磨灭的——作者用以说明Skate 50展览对Southbank Centre而言是一种永远无法抹去的耻辱
"In another, ineradicable sense, the exhibition was a humiliation for the Southbank Centre."
迷宫般的；错综复杂的——形容Southbank Centre那些迂回曲折、令人迷失的步道
"Their visionary sense of spaces and places in the future city was materialised in the brutalist concrete blocks, elevated platforms and mazy walkways of the Southbank Centre."
暗中破坏；使失去效力——此处指Southbank Centre最终设法让Undercroft不再是一个自由空间
"In the years before the Southbank Centre finally managed to nobble it – even after the bank-to-wall was blocked, even after the barriers went up – the Undercroft was still a free, undetermined space."
不美的；不讨人喜欢的——但与'ugly'不同，'unlovely'暗示的是'缺乏被爱的特质'而非'丑陋'
"In the same way, skateboarders were the first and only people to have understood, in the sense of being able to see a use for, such baffling and unlovely spaces as San Francisco's Embarcadero Plaza, the blocks and steps outside Barcelona's Museu d'Art Contemporani (MACBA), the red-brick waves under the Brooklyn Bridge, and any number of other postmodern non-spaces and inter-spaces."
间隙空间；过渡空间——指城市中那些不属于任何明确功能区域、处于正式空间之间的边缘地带
"In the same way, skateboarders were the first and only people to have understood, in the sense of being able to see a use for, such baffling and unlovely spaces as San Francisco's Embarcadero Plaza, the blocks and steps outside Barcelona's Museu d'Art Contemporani (MACBA), the red-brick waves under the Brooklyn Bridge, and any number of other postmodern non-spaces and inter-spaces."
代谢；消化吸收——此处为隐喻用法，指机构试图'消化'自己不光彩的历史，将其纳入自身叙事
"This is what it looks like when a large institution attempts to metabolise its own ignominious history."
临时的；即兴的；专门为此目的的——此处指保安人员临时想出的、权宜性的解决方案
"This bizarre campaign of self-destructive intervention by the Southbank Centre was periodically augmented by the persecution of skaters and photographers by security guards, who would, from time to time, devise ad hoc solutions to their problem; in one of their (temporarily) more successful ruses, large amounts of gravel were scattered through the space, making it impossible to skate."
令人困惑的；莫名其妙的——形容那些对普通公众而言难以理解的建筑空间，滑板者却能看到其用途
"In the same way, skateboarders were the first and only people to have understood, in the sense of being able to see a use for, such baffling and unlovely spaces as San Francisco's Embarcadero Plaza..."
计谋；诡计——此处指保安人员为驱赶滑板者而想出的各种花招
"This bizarre campaign of self-destructive intervention by the Southbank Centre was periodically augmented by the persecution of skaters and photographers by security guards, who would, from time to time, devise ad hoc solutions to their problem; in one of their (temporarily) more successful ruses, large amounts of gravel were scattered through the space, making it impossible to skate."
鉴赏家的眼光——指滑板者以专业鉴赏者的视角审视铺地类型、砖砌、长凳等城市景观细节
"Any seasoned skateboarder could furnish you with an alternative guide to a city you think you know, picking out landmarks you've never noticed while casting a connoisseur's eye over paving types, brickwork, benches, steps and every other idiosyncrasy of the urban landscape."
小圈子排外的；派系性强的——形容Southbank滑板社区对外来者不友好的封闭性
"Southbank could be cliquey, and outsiders or beginners could find the atmosphere created by regulars intimidating."
独特之处；特质；癖性——此处指城市景观中每一个独特的细节特征
"Any seasoned skateboarder could furnish you with an alternative guide to a city you think you know, picking out landmarks you've never noticed while casting a connoisseur's eye over paving types, brickwork, benches, steps and every other idiosyncrasy of the urban landscape."
阈限的；过渡性的；处于边界状态的——形容Southbank滑板社区处于社会边缘、既不在此也不在彼的中间状态
"It was a socially liminal place, occupied by socially liminal people."
仿作；拼凑之作——此处指今天的Undercroft不过是对其过去自由精神的一种被驯化的、变丑了的模仿
"But the public status of the Southbank Centre meant they could and did save at least something of that place, even if today's Undercroft is a tamed and uglified pastiche of its former self."
平反；证明正确——此处指Skate 50展览（尽管有缺陷）终于承认了滑板者才是Southbank最忠实的用户
"Skate 50 was, in one sense, a belated vindication of the skateboarders who used the Undercroft and were truly the Southbank's most loyal constituency."
可耻的；不光彩的；令人羞耻的——形容Southbank Centre数十年打压滑板者的历史
"This is what it looks like when a large institution attempts to metabolise its own ignominious history."
瘾君子；吸毒者——在此语境中是作者对Southbank地区社会底层人群的直白描述，带有刻意的粗粝感
"There were often drunks and junkies and crazy people hanging about."
易碎的，脆的（此处形容Clare北安普顿时期诗歌的质地：脆弱却又具有践踏性的力量）
"They sound friable yet trampling, childish yet huge."
傲慢的，目中无人的（形容Lockhart对济慈的评论居高临下）
"John Gibson Lockhart, in his supercilious review of Keats in Blackwood's, was not the first to argue that 'the just celebrity of Robert Burns … has had the melancholy effect of turning the heads of we know not how many farm servants.'"
八行体（一种意大利诗歌形式，每节八行，韵式为 ABABABCC）
"Although the latter borrows the ottava rima and droll multisyllable rhymes of Byron's poem, its impetus is far more Juvenalian."
交错配列法（一种修辞结构，两个平行短语以相反顺序排列，如'不要问你的国家能为你做什么，而要问你能为你的国家做什么'）
"The poem's most fruitful – and fruitless – ambiguity is its closing chiasmus: 'So let me lie,/The grass below; above the vaulted sky.'"
翠绿的，青葱的（此处形容Clare的诗歌充满植物/自然的绿色意象）
"He knew his local environment intimately – as Richard Mabey notes, Clare was 'granted 65 first county records for birds and more than 40 for plants' – and could not otherwise have written such virid poems."
语法错误，语病（此处指Clare有意或无意违反语法规范的语言使用）
"Bate compares his happy use of solecisms to his discontent with the Linnean taxonomic system."
轻浮的人，无聊的琐事（此处形容Horace Walpole作为'闲聊的浅薄之人'）
"When his gossiping fribble had discovered [Rowley's poems] to be forgeries why did he not discover the genius of the author – no because they surpassd his Leadenhall forgery of "Otranto"."