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彻底击败，碾压式战胜（对手）
"An eight-layer neural network trounced other algorithms at classifying images and kicked off a 'deep learning revolution.'"
像钟表一样有规律地；以极其可预测的、机械般的规律性
"Nowadays, new AI benchmarks, geared at large language models such as OpenAI's GPT-6 Astra, get created and solved with clockwork regularity, purporting to measure everything from domain-specific expertise to 'general intelligence.'"
声称，自称（但暗示该声称可能不真实或缺乏依据）
"Nowadays, new AI benchmarks, geared at large language models such as OpenAI's GPT-6 Astra, get created and solved with clockwork regularity, purporting to measure everything from domain-specific expertise to 'general intelligence.'"
怀疑者和支持者 alike；无论持怀疑态度的人还是大力鼓吹的人（都持同样看法）
"But rather than hail this trend as proof of AI's skyrocketing potential, many in the field — skeptics and boosters alike — take it as evidence that benchmarking itself has become fatally flawed."
留出法；机器学习中将数据集分为训练集和测试集，测试集被'留出'不参与训练的标准方法
"Any machine learning textbook will tell you about the 'holdout method' — that you should lock away the test set, and only use it once to rank the models."
存在致命缺陷的；从根本上、不可修复地有问题的
"But rather than hail this trend as proof of AI's skyrocketing potential, many in the field — skeptics and boosters alike — take it as evidence that benchmarking itself has become fatally flawed."
致命弱点；唯一的软肋
"The Achilles heel of consumer democracies is that there is precious little constituency for the future in the present."
少得可怜；几乎没有（带讽刺或强调语气）
"The Achilles heel of consumer democracies is that there is precious little constituency for the future in the present."
支持群体；受众；（原义）选区选民
"The Achilles heel of consumer democracies is that there is precious little constituency for the future in the present."
被远远甩在后面；被彻底超越
"It is only to warn that unless democracies can look beyond the short-term horizon and find ways to reach a governing consensus that sticks, they will be left in the dust of the oncoming future."
他山之石，可以攻玉（比喻借助外部力量来提升自身）
"To turn an old Chinese saying toward ourselves: 'The stones from hills yonder can polish jade at home.'"
不明智的；失策的；不合时宜的
"Given the urgency of addressing climate calamity, is it so impolitic to suggest that consumer democracies can learn something from China?"
预示（通常指不祥之事）；成为……的前兆
"Yet, as in other realms of trade competition, its cheaper product and overproduction portends a vulnerable dependence on a political system which the West considers a strategic adversary."
连珠炮式的攻击；（信息/言论的）密集轰炸
"America's leader relishes dominating the memes of the moment, battling his way through every 24-hour news cycle by firing off social media barrages at sundry foes."
影响力；政治权力；势力
"China's near-dictatorial leader has used his amassed clout to chart out a roadmap for the next half century."
处于萌芽状态地；刚刚开始发展地
"No nation commanded battery production, which then was only nascently entering global competition."
全面建设；大规模扩展（基础设施、系统等）
"As part of its whole-dragon approach, China also built out the widely distributed infrastructure of rapid charging stations across the country necessary to boost EV use."
即时涌来的潮流；（此处指）铺天盖地的短期舆论冲击
"It is the opposite of the open societies of the West, where the flaw lies within the strength of diverse participation and electoral competition: a growing inability to forge a consensus on long-term goals out of the cacophony of voices, the welter of contending interests and the immediate wash of fickle public opinion."
杂乱的一堆；混乱的混合体
"It is the opposite of the open societies of the West, where the flaw lies within the strength of diverse participation and electoral competition: a growing inability to forge a consensus on long-term goals out of the cacophony of voices, the welter of contending interests and the immediate wash of fickle public opinion."
变幻无常的；善变的；靠不住的
"It is the opposite of the open societies of the West, where the flaw lies within the strength of diverse participation and electoral competition: a growing inability to forge a consensus on long-term goals out of the cacophony of voices, the welter of contending interests and the immediate wash of fickle public opinion."
（共识、关系等）瓦解、松动、磨损
"To keep the consensus from fraying, it overcompensates on the side of repressive order and control of freedom."
刺耳的杂音；纷乱的喧哗（比喻意见纷杂）
"It is the opposite of the open societies of the West, where the flaw lies within the strength of diverse participation and electoral competition: a growing inability to forge a consensus on long-term goals out of the cacophony of voices, the welter of contending interests and the immediate wash of fickle public opinion."
党派偏见；党同伐异
"When all-out competitive partisanship destroys consensus among the body politic, the democratic transfer of power can mean a complete rupture of policies endorsed by most voters only four years earlier."
政治体；国家整体（视为一个有机体）
"When all-out competitive partisanship destroys consensus among the body politic, the democratic transfer of power can mean a complete rupture of policies endorsed by most voters only four years earlier."
整体组合；协同运作的集合体
"When a key strategic goal is ordained by the Party, the state fosters a 'whole dragon' approach in which start-up subsidies, sourcing, supply chains and production capacity are vertically aligned, making it one of the most powerful production ensembles in economic history."
全产业链龙头带动模式（中国政策术语，指从补贴、采购、供应链到产能的垂直整合）
"When a key strategic goal is ordained by the Party, the state fosters a 'whole dragon' approach in which start-up subsidies, sourcing, supply chains and production capacity are vertically aligned, making it one of the most powerful production ensembles in economic history."
（关系的）彻底断裂；决裂
"When all-out competitive partisanship destroys consensus among the body politic, the democratic transfer of power can mean a complete rupture of policies endorsed by most voters only four years earlier."
模式；方式；体制形态
"What we are trying to create is a new and unprecedented modality where planning is combined with the commodity economy, where the state regulates the market, and the market guides the enterprises."
津津有味地享受；乐在其中（尤指享受某种有争议的事）
"America's leader relishes dominating the memes of the moment, battling his way through every 24-hour news cycle by firing off social media barrages at sundry foes."
被普遍严厉反对；遭到一致否定
"While state-guided dirigiste policies that champion and support strategic industries deemed critical for the future are roundly frowned upon in market economies, the opposite rigidity of the short-term consumerist mentality is less appreciated as a critical failure of good governance."
近在眼前的范围；短期视野
"From fast fashion to electoral contests to quarterly earnings reports, the system is responsive to the pursuit of happiness defined by the near horizon."
面向……的；为……而设计的；调适于
"All the feedback signals — in politics, culture and the market — are geared to short-term gratification."
短期满足；即时满足感
"All the feedback signals — in politics, culture and the market — are geared to short-term gratification."
国家干预主义的；政府主导经济计划的
"While state-guided dirigiste policies that champion and support strategic industries deemed critical for the future are roundly frowned upon in market economies..."
形形色色的；各种各样的（常含'杂七杂八'之意）
"America's leader relishes dominating the memes of the moment, battling his way through every 24-hour news cycle by firing off social media barrages at sundry foes."
感觉中枢，感官系统（指人类整体感知能力的总和）
"To capture the sound of a squirrel's heartbeat or a fly's footfall was part of that rage for extending the human sensorium."
先驱，前身，始祖（此处指某种技术的最早雏形）
"The Otacousticon is the distant progenitor of those large parabolic concrete acoustic mirrors set up along the English south coast in the 1930s."
博学之士，学者（此处特指17世纪皇家学会的博学自然哲学家）
"the prospect of which bedazzled the savants of the Royal Society in the later 17th century"
城邦（古希腊语 polis 的复数形式，指古希腊的城邦国家）
"I argue that Hellenistic poleis strove to create spaces for autonomy"
一种虚构的助听装置（源自希腊语 ous/oto- 耳 + akoustikos 听觉的）
"The device is named an Otacousticon, and described as a 'receiver of sounds, as spectacles like eyes for sight'."
寡头政治的（由少数人掌权的）
"Should the present age of oligarchical tendencies make us doubt the workings of local freedoms and democracy in a distant past?"
脚步声；脚步落地的声音（此处为比喻用法，指极其细微的声音）
"To capture the sound of a squirrel's heartbeat or a fly's footfall was part of that rage for extending the human sensorium."
看似有理的，表面上站得住脚的（但实际可能不正确）
"Stokes pronounced that the effect was caused by electromagnetic induction, a colourable explanation."
乐观的（但可能不切实际的），带着玫瑰色眼镜看世界的
"This might be a rosy-eyed view, as our current low, dishonest decade suggests."
笑到最后，最终获胜（在起初被嘲笑或轻视后最终取得成功）
"Though Benjamin Franklin disparaged the 'Palatine boors', they had the last laugh."
高利贷（此处指中世纪基督教禁止的'放贷收息'行为）
"as well as access to their loans (usury being forbidden to Christians)"
贬低，轻蔑地谈论
"Though Benjamin Franklin disparaged the 'Palatine boors', they had the last laugh."
天主教徒（贬义用语，带有强烈的新教偏见）
"He saw this as a golden opportunity to expel papists from his lands and replace them with hardworking Protestants."
回应，答复（法律术语，指对对方论点的回应；此处为幽默用法，暗示门房的回答不容反驳）
"His response was terse and invited no rejoinder: 'Sir, they walk on the bleedin' grass.'"