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自相矛盾的事物或情况。指中国（封闭社会）与美国（开放社会）在AI模型开源/闭源策略上的出人意料的对立。
"It is a paradox that a closed society like China is conquering the world with open-source AI models while the most open society, America, is producing mostly closed-source proprietary models that are less adaptable for the rest of the world, and far more expensive."
赞助、恩庇（通过经济资源和人脉网络维持支持关系的体系）
"transnational Shia movements that benefited from Iran’s patronage."
夸张的自夸；故作激烈的姿态（尤指雄性动物或人类虚张声势的示威）
"beneath the surface of a country covered in black banners, and chest-beating displays of loyalty"
魅力型领袖（韦伯社会学概念，指凭借个人超凡魅力而非制度权威统治）
"Khomeini was popular; he was the founder of an Islamic revolution, a religious authority, and a charismatic leader."
用虚饰场面替代真诚忠诚（谓语动词结构揭示政权的价值观错位）
"Khamenei’s funeral lays bare the regime’s reliance on spectacle over genuine loyalty."
（通过组织手段）人为制造（共识、参与等，含贬义）
"many understand how the Islamic Republic manufactures participation through state institutions"
彻底揭露，暴露（隐藏的真相或本质）
"Khamenei’s funeral lays bare the regime’s reliance on spectacle over genuine loyalty."
对……的民意检验（隐喻用法，非字面公投）
"the mourning and tearful crowd becomes a referendum on the regime’s popularity and legitimacy."
精心编排的场面；虚张声势的表演（含贬义，暗示空洞无实质）
"Khamenei’s funeral lays bare the regime’s reliance on spectacle over genuine loyalty."
替代品（此处为'劣质替代'，含贬义）
"the funeral procession serves as a substitute for electoral legitimacy"
覆盖；隐藏，笼罩（尤指用不透明方式遮蔽）
"But beneath the surface of a country covered in black banners, and chest-beating displays of loyalty, there are millions of youths who are alienated from clerical rule."
铭刻，正式记录（使某事物获得永久的象征地位）
"the regime is trying to inscribe Khamenei into the sacred map of Shiism."
全民公投（此处为隐喻：通过展示悲痛人群来测试政权合法性）
"the mourning and tearful crowd becomes a referendum on the regime’s popularity and legitimacy."
精心操纵的，经过设计的（暗示隐蔽、不公正的操控）
"since 2005 they have become increasingly engineered, narrowed, and emptied of meaningful competition."
街头表演（此语境中指政权组织的游行秀，含轻蔑）
"This is the street show of authoritarian legitimacy"
以物配主（伊斯兰教中最严重的罪，将任何被造物与真主并列）
"excessive shrine-centered devotion and ritual lamentation with suspicion—sometimes even as religious innovation or shirk."
可能性极低、不切实际、甚至荒唐的计划
"It is a clever marketing ploy by governments and the UN in the search for funding of improbable schemes."
一种带有欺骗性或操纵性的营销策略或手段
"It is a clever marketing ploy by governments and the UN in the search for funding of improbable schemes."
（尤指解决问题的）巧妙、聪明才智、创意
"At the time I felt slightly thwarted, but you had to admire his ingenuity."
（数据、趋势等）停滞不前，没有增长或变化
"years of flatlining student recruitment leading to the abandonment of a satellite campus serving a deprived coastal town"
（通过策略性操作）施加影响力或获得优势
"Even this did not lead to leverage at the negotiating table."
以一种得意洋洋、幸灾乐祸或明显的快乐情绪（去）接受或迎接（挑战）。
"She nailed the Shard (referring to her written description of a building, which served as a retort to the 'dancing about architecture' quote)."
（在试图达到某种目的时）受到挫败、被阻挠
"At the time I felt slightly thwarted, but you had to admire his ingenuity."
将（通常是无辜的）农夫和牧民描绘成他们自己（经济、社会）不幸的“设计者”和“责任人”
"enabling them to cast farmers and herders as architects of their own misfortune"
为（通常是不受欢迎的、具侵入性的）干预行为提供正当的理由
"The desertification narrative was useful for ... to justify interventions with modern ‘expertise’ – often with disastrous results."
（在游戏或规则中）对（特定的惩罚或后果）负有责任；应受（罚）
"If the ball missed the wall, hit the ground before hitting the wall, or was caught having rebounded off the wall, the boy who threw it would be liable for ‘beans’."
将……描绘或刻画成其自身不幸的“缔造者”（即：暗示他们对自己的苦难负主要责任）
"The desertification narrative was useful for both colonial and post-independence governments, enabling them to cast farmers and herders as architects of their own misfortune."
（游戏中）可以被无限次、不限次数地击打（拳头）的惩罚
"If a boy moved with the ball in his hands, he was liable to unlimited beans until he attempted a throw."
吃力、沉闷且缓慢地行走，这种处境令人同情，没有人会羡慕
"...he would begin the unenviable trudge back into range while his classmates either punched him on the arm repeatedly or positioned themselves by the wall ready to catch the ball."
（观点、理论等）已被证明是错误的，不再被相信或接受
"The notion that the Saharan desert is advancing has been discredited."
超然；超脱；客观；不偏不倚
"Whitaker interweaves past and present, Bowen said, ‘with a detachment that almost eliminates the first person.’"
（使）交织；（把……）编结在一起；使紧密结合
"Whitaker interweaves past and present, Bowen said, ‘with a detachment that almost eliminates the first person.’"
做作的；演戏般的；过度戏剧化的（常指为了引起注意和博取同情）
"The Autobiography of Ethel Firebrace, published anonymously in 1937, is about a self-important and histrionic author whose books include Tinsel Paradise and His for an Hour."
发出沉闷的嗡嗡声；发出轰鸣声；在此指持续、低频的不安感
"Whitaker's own memoir, by contrast, thrums with uncertainty."
非线性的；不按时间顺序的
"at times Whitaker slips into discussions of her early life … but it’s mostly non-linear."
在此语境中，特指‘（成年人为了实施性侵而进行的）诱骗、培养感情’
"She tackles increasingly difficult subjects: single motherhood, abortion, infertility, domestic abuse, grooming."
带有寓言/传说的味道或气氛
"Sometimes this gives Whitaker’s fiction the flavour of a fable or fairy tale – be careful what you wish for – but her writing is too closely tied to time and place to feel unreal."
在此语境中，意为‘漠不关心的’、‘冷淡的’、‘无动于衷的’
"She surveys her father in a hospital ward with ‘bland indifference’."
挑衅的；反抗的；不服的
"These lines are spoken ruefully by the mariner – death would be release – but there’s also something defiant here."
令人作呕的；病态的；令人不舒服的（通常指颜色或气味）
"She writes of ‘the astonishing beauty of the industrial north’, the ‘blue-grey landscapes’ of ‘rolling hills, the mingling of smoke and cloud, the white steam from the dye-houses, the cobbled streets and houses of blackened stone’, or of a ‘grey-green marsh, sickly with meadow-sweet’."
扣留；拒绝给予；保留
"Yet the object of desire is always withheld or withdrawn."
（令人厌烦地）唠唠叨叨，没完没了地瞎扯
"There are certainly moments when Whitaker appears to be wittering on for the sake of it: ‘It astonishes me to think how very rarely bath water is just right.’"
懊悔地；悔恨地；悲伤地
"These lines are spoken ruefully by the mariner – death would be release – but there’s also something defiant here."
贪婪地；如饥似渴地（尤指阅读或进食）
"In her memoir, Whitaker doesn’t explore her reasons for choosing her male, Old Testament pseudonym, but she does mention reading the Bible voraciously as a child (relishing ‘the rolling sound of the sentences’, scouring it for ‘words like hell and devil’)."
享受；品味；从……中获得乐趣
"In her memoir, Whitaker doesn’t explore her reasons for choosing her male, Old Testament pseudonym, but she does mention reading the Bible voraciously as a child (relishing ‘the rolling sound of the sentences’, scouring it for ‘words like hell and devil’)."
在此语境中指（说话或写作）冗长、空洞、夸夸其谈的
"She continued to write, burning whatever she wrote, until, during the First World War, she sold ‘a set of windy martial verses’ to a Christmas card company."
不言而喻的；显而易见的；无需解释的
"To her contemporaries, the reasons for taking a male pen name would have been self-evident."
赤贫的；一无所有的；穷困潦倒的
"The stories in Frost in April explore the lives of farmers, navvies, florists, young women on trains, mothers, children, destitute aunts – characters with exceedingly English names like Albert Shepherd, Arthur Proyle and Mimmy."
极度地；（指感官、心智）敏锐地；强烈地
"Whitaker’s prose is direct, sometimes sinister and always acutely observed."
庄严的；高贵的；有尊严的
"One day Mr Mick visits a dignified widow, Mrs Aspland, accidentally interrupting her tea."