Vocabulary

奇思妙想；古怪而幽默的趣味，一种轻快、不循常理的想象力

"Beneath the whimsy and the wit, Varda’s films were motivated by contradiction and critique."

敌对情绪；对立关系，相互抵触或冲突的状态

"But there’s also a subtext, an eyebrow arched at the liberated housewife faced with new antagonisms: work versus kids versus husband versus other women."

潜台词；言外之意，隐含在表面故事或对话之下、未直接言明的思想、情感或主题

"But there’s also a subtext, an eyebrow arched at the liberated housewife faced with new antagonisms: work versus kids versus husband versus other women."

（指艺术作品或表演中）华丽的装饰性细节或手法，旨在引起注意或产生强烈印象

"There are classic Varda flourishes – sumptuous colour, exuberant cuts synced to the music – and the whole sequence is sung as a jazzy little operetta: ‘Who’s that woman who leaves the dull housework behind? … Who works when she wants and never neglects her little dumplings?’"

雌雄同体的；中性化的；同时具有男性和女性的特征

"In her self-portraits from this time, she looks severe and androgynous, dressed in men’s tweed jackets, plaid shirts and black leather loafers."

形式主义；在艺术或文学中，过分关注形式、技巧和结构，而非内容、情感或社会价值

"Even then the formalism and parasitism of her approach was obvious; other people were objects with which she could produce works of drama and feeling."

寄生状态；依附行为（在本文语境中指艺术创作中对他人或现实生活的依赖和利用）

"Even then the formalism and parasitism of her approach was obvious; other people were objects with which she could produce works of drama and feeling."

谜一般的；高深莫测的，表情或姿态像狮身人面像一样神秘、难以解读

"Not knowing the terms of cinematic framing, she invented her own: close-ups were ‘face shots’ and shots of a character facing the camera, sphinx-like, were ‘Egyptian shots’."

贫困；匮乏；生活必需品的缺乏

"La Pointe Courte overlaps images of the place – its privations and regional politics – with a story about a young Parisian couple in the throes of a crisis."

（尤指痛苦或激烈的）挣扎；阵痛；动荡状态

"La Pointe Courte overlaps images of the place – its privations and regional politics – with a story about a young Parisian couple in the throes of a crisis."

哄劝；劝诱；用好话劝说

"Varda coaxed Alain Resnais into editing the rushes, and she founded her own co-operative production company, CinéTamaris, to release the film."

异常；反常现象；不合规矩的人或事

"They spoke in a dense web of cinematic references that made Varda feel like ‘an anomaly’."

轻蔑；鄙视，一种认为某人或某物不值得尊重或注意的强烈感觉

"She could handle with disdain even the most obvious of double entendres."

（特定事物或机构的）开端，创始

"Since the inception of the Scottish Parliament, Labour’s number of seats has dropped in every single election."

精明而谨慎的态度；深谋远虑的保守

"‘What we have got to do is persuade Scotland that fear must be conquered and that canny caution be put on one side.’"

一个根深蒂固的、热衷于加入各种组织的人

"Gavin Brown Clark ... by the 1880s, this ‘inveterate joiner of organisations’ had become dedicated to temperance, land reform and the independence of the Transvaal..."

（关系、氛围等）逐渐恶化、变质，变得令人不悦

"This mixture of protest and power-seeking was bound to curdle."

虚假的英勇；窃取他人的功绩或身份来冒充英雄的行为

"In the US military, this kind of thing is called ‘stolen valour’."

极其细致的、按时间先后顺序的排列

"Torrance offers something more impersonal, closer at times to a modern antiquarianism than to political history, laying out the facts in meticulous chronological order and leaving us to work out the rest."

（在形态、性质、角色等方面的）彻底、深刻的变化

"This new determination was the product of a metamorphosis in the party’s social and intellectual profile, which reflected deeper changes across Scotland."

（此处作隐喻）一种高高在上的、善意的施予行为

"Dewar portrayed the adoption of proportional representation in the Scottish Parliament as an act of ‘charitable giving’."

产生持久而深远的影响；回荡。

"Every English colony from the Chesapeake to the Caribbean built its society and economy around racial slavery, with consequences that continue to reverberate today."

（道德上的）疑虑，不安；良心上的责备。

"Once they were able to assimilate African sources of slavery into their inherited ideas about the institution, then they were happy to acquire those slaves without any evident qualms."

被融入/纳入某套普遍的观念或认知框架中。

"'They could be incorporated into common conceptions of how people tended to live,' Harpham writes. 'They fit well within a pattern of human life that European authors supposed to be more or less universal.'"

嘈杂的；刺耳的；- 在此比喻多样性多得令人头脑嘈杂、难以统一。

"The key point, for Harpham, is that this cacophonous variety meant that 'European observers never attempted to fashion a single essential image from their impressions of the peoples of Africa.'"

（复杂事件或决策的）后果，衍生结果，影响。

"...which is considered one of the great scholarly achievements of the past century for the way it explored the cultural origins and social ramifications of anti-slavery thought."

（与难题、思想等）奋力斗争；绞尽脑汁。

"In this first volume, however, Harpham is wrestling even more directly with another giant of American historical scholarship, Winthrop Jordan..."

主旨；基调；核心主题。

"Yet difference was the keynote of his account."

心胸狭隘的；目光短浅的。

"His goal, as he puts it, is to discover 'the reasons for which slavery was understood to be a status about which narrow-minded men could make calculations.'"

认为……不重要；对……不全信；低估。

"Harpham does not discount economic or imperial explanations for the rise of New World slavery; what he suggests, instead, is that those explanations can make sense only within a culture where 'slavery was available as an option.'"

（公开的）谴责，辱骂；不光彩，耻辱。

"Such questions would eventually generate a mass movement whose ultimate goal was not just the emancipation of millions of black slaves in the Americas but the abolition of all slavery, casting into opprobrium a practice that had previously persisted throughout much of world history."

（工业的）空心化，空壳化；指一个行业的价值创造能力向外部转移，导致本土只剩下空架子，失去核心技术和就业机会。

"The Great Recession in the late 2000s, COVID lockdowns, the hollowing out of Europe’s industrial base, and the arrival of large numbers of immigrants have fed radical, populist movements on the left and right."

花尽心思；费尽力气；致力于 （去做某事）

"Governments have been at pains to justify their coercive actions as individual special cases."

气冲冲地说，愤怒地表示 （在此语境中带贬义）

"“This is not even ‘draconian,’ it is vile,” huffed a commentary published by Russia’s RT."

极其卑鄙的，恶劣的，令人作呕的

"“This is not even ‘draconian,’ it is vile,” huffed a commentary published by Russia’s RT."

（法律、措施）极其严苛的，残忍的

"“This is not even ‘draconian,’ it is vile,” huffed a commentary published by Russia’s RT."

相关地；切题地；更加切中要害的是

"More pertinently, are there ways European states can defend democracy and national security without using tactics that turn into political and reputational liabilities?"

声称；标榜（通常带有虚假或可疑的意味）

"How did European governments get to the point where far more repressive regimes like Russia can purport to give them lectures on political rights?"

骗局，虚假的东西；指看似真实或合法，实际上是伪造或欺骗性的事物。

"And yet, these actions give ammunition to authoritarian powers that claim Western democracy is a sham."

（辩论中的）炮弹、把柄、口实；指可以用来攻击或批评他人的事实或论据。

"And yet, these actions give ammunition to authoritarian powers that claim Western democracy is a sham."

好斗的民主；防御性民主；指为了保护自由民主制度本身，必要时采取限制言论、结社自由等非自由主义甚至非民主手段的治理理念。

"Their explanations echo Karl Loewenstein’s concept of “militant democracy”—the argument that the defense of democracy sometimes requires undemocratic acts."

（计划或行动）产生事与愿违的结果，产生反作用，回旋镖效应

"This boomeranged into extreme nationalism by some citizens and disaffection toward their nations by others."

被激怒的；极其愤怒的

"Such a crime was not the kind likely to incense citizens, meaning in practice that the verdict played easily into claims authorities were using technicalities to suppress her popular Rassemblement National party."

幸灾乐祸；扬扬得意

"The networks have gloated over their cat-and-mouse strategy to spread content through dozens of new information brands."

猫鼠游戏；一种策略性的、持续的追逐、躲避和戏谑的互动

"The networks have gloated over their cat-and-mouse strategy to spread content through dozens of new information brands."

最后一招；最后的手段；万不得已的办法

"But such measures should always be a last resort—and only after the exhaustion of the less draconian remedies of education, vigilance, and public exposure of malign actors."