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僵局，僵持状态（指双方或多方因力量或反对程度相当，无法取得进展的局面）
"Panahi captures the anger and sense of entrapment felt by many Iranians today while recognizing that there is no easy or obvious way out of this deadlock."
地震仪（比喻用法，指能敏锐探测和记录社会震动/变化的某种工具或现象）
"It Was Just an Accident works like a seismograph, detecting the pressures and anxieties beneath the surface of Iranian society."
主角，主人公（在此语境中指电影的主要正面角色）
"...assuming that Panahi aligns himself with his protagonists as moral agents who reject revenge and seek to break the cycle of violence."
神权政治的（指宗教领袖或神职人员掌握国家最高权力的统治体系）
"How should they stand up to a theocratic regime that has ruled the country for nearly half a century..."
支持，认可（在此语境中指电影被解读为‘对宽恕的认可或赞同’）
"Vahid and Shiva’s decision to spare Eghbal’s life has led many reviewers to read the film as an endorsement of forgiveness..."
引出，诱出（指引起或使某人说出某信息或表现出某种反应）
"...he changes course once again, invoking his troubled childhood and his responsibilities as a father to elicit sympathy and secure forgiveness."
贬低，轻视（指通过言语或行为使某人或某事显得渺小、不重要）
"...openly declaring his identity, invoking his military credentials and belittling Vahid for his lack of power."
灵活的，机敏的（在此语境中指思想或言辞上反应迅速、善于随机应变）
"Here Panahi reveals Eghbal as a far more agile and manipulative figure than he first appears, continuing to outmaneuver Shiva and Vahid even when he seems to be at their mercy."
突出强调，置于前景（使某事物成为最显著或最重要的要素）
"In This Is Not a Film (2011), Closed Curtain (2013), Taxi (2015) and No Bears (2022), he appears onscreen as himself, foregrounding both artistic prohibition and the clandestine conditions of production."
秘密的，地下的，暗中进行的（通常指非法的或未经授权的活动）
"In This Is Not a Film (2011), Closed Curtain (2013), Taxi (2015) and No Bears (2022), he appears onscreen as himself, foregrounding both artistic prohibition and the clandestine conditions of production."
小修小补；做些无济于事的调整或改进（多指治标不治本）
"Democrats need to advance beyond ‘tinkering’ and pursue ideas, like universal basic capital."
不稳定性；不安全感；朝不保夕的状态
"Even if Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei is only half wrong about AI replacing 50% of white-collar jobs, he says, we are on the road to precarity for working people."
（制度、组织、行业等）停滞不前的；毫无活力的；行将消亡的
"The moribund wanderings of the Democratic Party in the political wilderness since the ascent of MAGA have found a new footing amid the challenges posed by AI."
预示；是…的预兆（通常指不祥之兆）
"This situation portends a real possibility that the Democrats will take over the U.S. Congress and blunt Trump’s lame-duck margin of maneuver."
（价格、收费等）过高的；离谱的；敲竹杠的
"The first involves greater taxation on AI companies and tech billionaires to redistribute their exorbitant income for health and social services, or for a “universal basic income” to compensate for widespread job losses."
（价值、数量等）激增；如气球般膨胀
"Fueled by trillions in investments that are ballooning the stock market, the accelerating advance of AI is already beginning to reveal the scale of productivity gains, wealth generation — and job losses — the future will bring."
造成（尤指某种变化或影响）；精心制作的
"It will be defined by how candidates propose to cope with the upheaval wrought by the widespread integration of artificial intelligence into society."
剧变；动荡；动乱
"It will be defined by how candidates propose to cope with the upheaval wrought by the widespread integration of artificial intelligence into society."
（比喻）引爆；摧毁；彻底颠覆（旧秩序/观念）
"“The rapid advancement in AI,” he warned, will “‘detonate’ the prevailing order.”"
痉挛，抽搐（比喻帝国或体系在消亡前最后的、不自主的、剧烈的挣扎）
"Is this erraticism part of the growth of an expanding empire, or the spasms of a dying one?"
外围，边缘地带（在此处特指处于帝国或权力中心的控制之下、缺乏自主权的边缘区域）
"By muddying Canada’s place between empires, he is calculating that being a frontier — with all the violence that implies — remains preferable to becoming a periphery."
紧缩，缩减，收敛（在政治语境中指国家权力的收缩，从全球或海外事物中撤回，转向国内）
"The only alternative, many Western leaders seem to presume, is the retrenchment and rebordering of our own increasingly marginal states — usually in the form of regressive policies targeted at migrants and dissidents — to try to close those internal frontiers that the last three decades of globalization have reopened."
（苏联等共产党国家的）官员，党务工作者（通常带贬义，指盲目效忠上级的官僚）
"“There are some parallels to the apparatchiks, the leftovers from the Soviet Union, who saw their future connected to the USSR, even though it was collapsing,” Carment said."
同意，赞同（此处指对自身被边界所围困这一事实的接受或认可）
"The ambiguous violence, dissent and diversity that characterized it moved inside the body politic, taking on a psychological dimension as citizens were encircled by borders they had not consented to."
徭役（强制性的、无报酬的劳役，通常为政府或领主进行）
"Rather, they were “best understood as runaway, fugitive, maroon communities who have, over the course of two millennia, been fleeing the oppressions of state-making projects in the valleys — slavery, conscription, taxes, corvée labor, epidemics, and warfare.”"
阈限的，边缘的，过渡性的（指处于两个阶段、状态或领域之间的模糊地带）
"In fact, the diversity of social arrangements that emerge in these liminal spaces may be one reason they repeatedly appear in history."
超民族边疆（在此语境中，指一种文化边界，它将政治竞争描绘成文明之间的生存斗争）
"Such narratives create what Turchin calls “metaethnic frontiers” — cultural boundaries that frame political competition as an existential struggle between civilizations."
大锅，熔炉（比喻动荡、沸腾、各种力量交织并产生变化的场所）
"For the 19th-century historian Frederick Jackson Turner, this made frontiers great cauldrons of social experimentation."
充满的，孕育着（某种结果或可能性，尤其是不好的或强烈的东西）
"Like the gray zone, the frontier is an ambiguous region pregnant with the possibility of violent conflict."
迅速纠正，快速惩戒（一种委婉语，轻描淡写地指代严厉的惩罚或意识形态改造）
"Liberals of all nations are now seen by many as enemies within who are in need of swift correction to the righteous MAGA path"
诡计，欺骗，卑鄙行为
"Around the world, we have seen the proliferation of what those in American security circles call “gray zone tactics” — skullduggery lying just below the threshold of warfare: disinformation, sabotage, destabilization."
有教养，文雅；上流社会风度（尤其指中上层阶级追求体面、礼仪和文化品味的特质）
"Canada has long been a veritable Eden of middle-class gentility."
名副其实的，不折不扣的（用于强调比喻的生动和准确性）
"Canada has long been a veritable Eden of middle-class gentility."
圣战者式的（指松散、非正规的武装团体组织模式）
"Grim military models projecting our army’s easy defeat in hypothetical invasion scenarios and our society’s collapse into a patchwork of mujahedeen-style militias."
油嘴滑舌的，虚浮的（贬义，指说话流利但肤浅、不真诚或不假思索）
"Glib guides on the political benefits of erasing my country from the map."
传闻，风声；持续的低沉声响（此处指隐隐约约、尚未公开的战争传言或议论）
"Time and again, I scan the news and hear rumblings of war."
分割，肢解（此处指国家被分裂或领土被瓜分）
"Lately, I’ve been thinking a lot about the possible death and dismemberment of my country."
狂热的，偏激的，极端的（贬义，形容观点或行为失去理智）
"In Canada, this has taken the form of U.S. officials promoting rabid separatists and threatening economic war."
扭曲，歪曲（信息或平台）
"It has also been accused of secretly severing internet cables and torqued online platforms to hide the appearance of dissent."
食利者。指不通过劳动或商业才能，而主要通过拥有稀缺资源（如土地、矿产、债券）的所有权和稀缺性获取收入的人。
"George targeted neither the market nor the state but the structural condition that made both serve the same rentier interests."
债务宽限/缓释。一种金融监管政策。指贷款人在借款人遇到财务困难时，同意暂时暂停或减少还款，而非立即启动违约程序。
"This is visible in the instruments every government in Bird’s survey eventually reaches for: mortgage guarantees, forbearance programs, preferential tax treatment of housing gains, central bank policy calibrated to prevent asset price deflation."
隔离，保护。在文中指政治家（李光耀）免受民主政治压力的程度——他享有的政权不受民意或选举制约的‘政治保护层’。
"The honest account of Singapore requires stating plainly what made it possible: Lee governed with a degree of political insulation that is incompatible with liberal democracy in any large, pluralist state."
虚张声势；仅做表面文章而不想实际解决。指提出政策只是为了‘示意’或‘指向’某个方向，但从未真正意图实施有意义改革。
"Xi Jinping’s “common prosperity” campaign gestured at redistributing wealth from asset owners but stopped well short of any mechanism that would allow land values to correct in any meaningful way."
将街区封存在琥珀中。比喻通过政策（如历史建筑保护）将社区完全锁定在现有状态，阻止任何形式和方向的变化。
"Zoning ordinances that prevent density, historic preservation designations that freeze neighborhoods in amber, and environmental review processes that can delay a housing project for a decade are not separate phenomena from the land trap."
（思想或活动的）领域、范畴。比喻用于描述‘只有在这个领域上才能诚实地讨论该议题’。
"And thinking in these politically uncomfortable terms asks policymakers to consider bigger questions that go beyond adjusting interest rates, tightening lending standards, or expanding supply. The institutional structures that determine whose asset values get guaranteed, and whose do not, are the only **terrain** on which this issue can be honestly addressed."
邻避主义；支持在自家后院进行开发。用以形容‘Yes In My Back Yard’这一政治运动或意识形态，主张放松规划管制，允许密集建房，特别是在城市。
"Thus, what **yimbyism** fails to recognize is that these local policies are merely incremental expressions of a larger political economy aligned behind the protection of asset values."
条件（在此语境下是固定短语‘on its own terms’）。‘在其自身的框架/逻辑之下进行的评估’。指按照某物自身的规则和标准来进行判断，而非外部标准。
"Bird’s decision to stay within the financial frame is defensible on its own terms, but the legal framework of value protection extends far beyond fiscal and monetary finance."
僵尸企业。指那些盈利能力极弱、仅靠廉价信贷或政府救助才得以存活，无法通过正常市场机制进行偿还债务或投资死亡的企业。
"The so-called zombie firms of the 1990s survived precisely because acknowledging their true condition would have required acknowledging the true value of their collateral."
货物崇拜心态。指一种只模仿表面形式（如修建假机场、假飞机），以为就能自动带来期望的结果（如从天而降的货物），而完全理解内在运行机制的思维模式。在本文中用于批判80年代日本房地产投资者。
"The numbers were striking, but the cargo cult mentality of land investors ultimately proved partially right."
预先分配。这是一个经济学和政治学的专门术语。指在自由市场产生初次分配结果之前，通过政策（如资产所有权教育、更平等的获取信用的机会、强大的工会等）预先塑造收入和财富的分配，而非在通过税收和福利（再分配）进行事后调整。
"What replaced reform was capital “predistribution.”"