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极其卓越、辉煌地瞩目，强调一种令人惊叹的壮丽与不可思议
"In 60 pages, he described for the first time the rugged topography of the Moon; four moons orbiting Jupiter; and the gloriously remarkable fact that there were many more stars out than could be seen by the eye alone."
崎岖的地形/地貌，在此指伽利略首次用望远镜看到的月球表面凹凸不平的形貌
"In 60 pages, he described for the first time the rugged topography of the Moon; four moons orbiting Jupiter; and the gloriously remarkable fact that there were many more stars out than could be seen by the eye alone."
新奇的、新式的（常带贬义或不以为然的语气），指当时的望远镜是新颖但未被充分认可的发明
"It’s Galileo’s 1610 report of his examination of the night sky through a newfangled device, the telescope."
热钱/游资，指为了短期套利而快速流动的大量资金，在此指资金在珍本书市场上迅速进出
"Considering the associated thefts from libraries in this story, provenance—the history of the ownership of the item in question—may also get swallowed by all the hot money."
出身、来源或历史，这里特指物品（如书籍）的完整所有权记录与流转史
"Considering the associated thefts from libraries in this story, provenance—the history of the ownership of the item in question—may also get swallowed by all the hot money."
范围、视野或管辖权限，在此指书籍脱离了学者和公众的视线与管辖范围
"Tech billionaires have made the history of science a very hot market, one which tends to suck volumes into private collections and away from both the purview of scholars and the eyes of the public and law enforcement."
像吸尘器一样将大量书籍卷走/吞没，强调强大、不可抗拒的吸纳力
"Tech billionaires have made the history of science a very hot market, one which tends to suck volumes into private collections and away from both the purview of scholars and the eyes of the public and law enforcement."
幸灾乐祸（对他人的不幸感到快意），源自德语的外来词
"Eager to disabuse people of rooting for clever forgers and the schadenfreude of seeing experts conned, Wilding writes, 'these books are the product of organized crime' undermining history and the institutions that make history possible."
使醒悟、纠正（某人）的错误想法，尤指让沉迷于浪漫想象的人认清现实
"Eager to disabuse people of rooting for clever forgers and the schadenfreude of seeing experts conned, Wilding writes, 'these books are the product of organized crime' undermining history and the institutions that make history possible."
摹本、传真版，指对原版书籍的精确复制（通常用于学术研究）
"Both of De Caro's copies of the Sidereus had a title page blemish that turned out to match perfectly a legitimate 1964 facsimile copy of the book."
瑕疵、污点，此处指书页上的纸张污渍/斑点在影印版中被误读为墨点
"Both of De Caro's copies of the Sidereus had a title page blemish that turned out to match perfectly a legitimate 1964 facsimile copy of the book."
洗劫、掠夺，指在混乱或权力不对等的情况下系统地盗窃珍贵物品
"Both were offered up by the same person, Marino Massimo De Caro, later convicted of looting an Italian library."
兜售、贩卖（常带贬义，尤指售卖可疑或劣质物品），在此指伪造者四处推销假书
"For it turned out that this wasn't the only Sidereus Nuncius peddled around the same time—in fact, it looked just like one (minus the signature and illustrations) that Sotheby's failed to sell in 2005."
完全密封地隔绝开来，指因各种因素使该版本的《星空信使》被完全阻断在正常的商业/学术流通之外
""The professional resistance of some book dealers to divulge information on their sources, and methodological commitment on the part of some academics to evidence emanating from the artifact itself, rather than its social context and provenance combined hermetically to seal off" this version of the Sidereus from the context of the business of dealing books, real and fake, around the world."
仿制品、山寨版、剽窃之作，在此指电影《第九道门》是小说《达芬奇俱乐部》的仿制片
"The photopolymer plate printing used to make it was already elaborated on in the best-selling 1993 novel The Club Dumas and its 1999 knockoff film adaptation, The Ninth Gate."
外行人、非专业人士，相对于专家而言的普通民众
"Wilding's evidence seems obvious in hindsight, even to a layperson."
事后看来、事后诸葛亮地，指用后见之明判断过去的事件
"Wilding's evidence seems obvious in hindsight, even to a layperson."
依赖于，建立在……之上（指某事物的基础或支撑）
"The whole logic of nuclear stability for 70 years has rested on a small number of human beings, in a small number of minutes, having the ability to question what a system is telling them and judge the steps that should be taken."
凭自身实力（指不依赖其他事物，本身即具备某种属性或价值）
"Furthermore, the data centers and computer centers that train AI might look like targets in their own right."
精密的，精致的（在此语境下指极其昂贵、设计精良、性能卓越的军事装备）
"American military doctrine is still organized around exquisite, expensive platforms designed for a kind of conflict that is no longer the one being fought."
不可抗拒的（指某种压力或趋势强大到无法抵抗或避免）
"It was a horrific weapon that everyone agreed beforehand should never be used, and once one side used it, the pressure on the other to match became irresistible, regardless of pre-war commitments."
警示性的类比（用于说明如果不吸取教训，可能会重蹈覆辙的类似历史事件）
"Consider the cautionary parallel of poison gas in the First World War."
约束不对等（指冲突中一方自我设限，而另一方不设限，从而产生的动态失衡）
"The second, and this is an important warning, is what I’d call the “asymmetry of restraint” — the dynamic that emerges when two sides have different ideas about how to incorporate AI into the kill chain, and the more permissive side is perceived as having the advantage in conflict."
瓦解，崩溃（指不再是完整或有效的东西）
"As AI gets better at finding the hidden submarines or mobile launchers, however, that premise disintegrates."
前提，假设（指构成论点或行动基础的基本假设）
"As AI gets better at finding the hidden submarines or mobile launchers, however, that premise disintegrates."
认真对待，严肃考虑（指面对并解决一个棘手或重大的问题）
"To close that last 3% — to deliver the kind of total survivability the political narrative requires — takes more than we have yet reckoned with."
附庸地位；从属、受制于人的状态
"They reflect an intent to pursue a level of dominance that places all other nations in a state of permanent industrial vassalage, with their access to critical inputs contingent on Beijing’s continued favor."
（军事/战略领域的）力量倍增器；指能极大提升机构或系统整体效能的因素
"Properly directed, EXIM can also serve as a force multiplier of U.S. commercial diplomacy, delivering financing that not only secures export contracts but also embeds U.S. products, technology, and standards in foreign markets."
重新定位，调整……的方向（尤指战略或目标）
"As Congress prepares to draft reauthorization legislation, it has an opportunity to augment and reorient the Bank for a generation."
（在规模、价值或力量上）增强，扩充，提升
"As Congress prepares to draft reauthorization legislation, it has an opportunity to augment and reorient the Bank for a generation."
（机构、体制的）僵化，硬化，变得缺乏灵活性
"Over time, a legacy design model, bureaucratic calcification, and outdated self-imposed restrictions have left EXIM inadequately prepared to defend U.S. industry in a rapidly changing era of global economic and strategic competition."
自给自足，经济独立（通常指国家不依赖外国贸易）
"The intent goes beyond a pursuit of classical economic autarky, though self-sufficiency and supporting domestic employment are essential elements."
房间里的大象；一个虽然显而易见、至关重要，但出于某种原因（通常是政治敏感性）被所有人刻意回避讨论的问题或风险
"Cue the elephant in the room that needs no introduction: China’s export credit agencies, development banks, state-owned enterprises, and industrial subsidies, which operate at a scale that no Western institution currently matches."
取决于，视……而定（强调结果完全由某个条件决定）
"They reflect an intent to pursue a level of dominance that places all other nations in a state of permanent industrial vassalage, with their access to critical inputs contingent on Beijing’s continued favor."
不可阻挡地，无法改变地（常指负面或必然的趋势）
"The market has been “locked in,” and the geopolitical consequences follow inexorably from the initial procurement decision."
锁定效应；指因技术依赖、高转换成本等而使系统或市场参与者陷入特定路径无法自拔的状态
"Choosing a technology platform in an information-intensive sector creates lock-in at every level—individual, organizational, and societal—because switching costs encompass not only the financial expense of new hardware but the retraining of workforces, the redesign of network architecture, and the abandonment of institutional knowledge built up over years of operation."
（在关系或同盟中打入的）分裂因素，隔阂，造成分裂的行为
"EXIM’s charter drives a wedge between civilian and military applications that leaves American industry woefully disadvantaged."
命中注定的，预先决定的（通常指事情的结果无法避免）
"When a Southeast Asian navy is evaluating patrol vessels, and the Chinese offer comes with a full financing package while the American offer requires the buyer to arrange its own commercial credit, the outcome is foreordained."
（价格、成本等）高得令人望而却步的，负担不起的
"Once a country’s energy grid runs on Chinese-designed control systems... the cost of transitioning to American alternatives becomes prohibitive."
（斗争或竞争）放开手脚，毫不留情，全力以赴；不再顾及规则和面子
"The United States requires a strategic financial tool that can operate, when necessary, with the gloves off: in a way that can defend and rebuild strategic industries, secure vulnerable supply chains, embed American technology in contested markets, and do so with the speed, flexibility, and risk tolerance that great power competition demands."
核心联系，连接点；一系列事物之间的关键结合部或联结
"The Bank’s conservative underwriting standards, its rigid default rate caps, and its focus on transactions with a direct nexus to American employment were all designed for sound reasons..."
衍生产物，从更大的实体中分离出的新事物
"Cunha argues that the textile industry 'generated a new branch of industry, the chemical industry.' Instead of sour milk, this spin-off industry used sulfuric acid (made from sulfur)..."
使人虚弱的，严重削弱体力的
"Pure white cloth, born in the murderous toil of slavery, formed in debilitating factory conditions, and finished through the agony of Sicilian children, was bleached in more ways than one."
必要条件，不可或缺的事物
"Cunha argues that we must also 'acknowledge the slave-like child labor in Sicilian mines as a requisite of the rise of the chemical industry.'"
战备状态，指国家或组织调动所有资源以准备或进行战争的状态
"Britain responded with a war-footing, blockading the Bay of Naples."
一种古老的漂白方法，将布料暴露在阳光下和空气中进行自然漂白
"Until the middle of the eighteenth century, all this was 'done with natural alkali (potash, extracted from the ashes of timber), sour milk, and 'crofting,' the exposure of the cloth to the sun and air in bleachfields.'"
一种纺织品精加工工序，指将布料浸泡在碱性溶液中以去除杂质
"Finishing encompassed a set of operations: washing, 'soaping,' bowking (i.e., immersing the cloth in alkali solution), 'souring' (immersing the cloth in acid solution), and bleaching (removing the color)."
熔炼，通过加热从矿石中提取金属的过程
"Local communities, meanwhile, were poisoned by the sulfurous gas created by smelting: land around the mines lost its fertility and vegetation."
原型的，典型的，最具代表性的
"In becoming famous, the story continued, she became the archetypal Millennial mess, the scapegoat for a generation, then disappeared and moved to England..."
替罪羊，代人受过者
"In becoming famous, the story continued, she became the archetypal Millennial mess, the scapegoat for a generation, then disappeared and moved to England..."