Vocabulary

残骸，瓦砾，此处比喻纳粹帝国遗留的精神与物质负担

"“Millions of postwar Germans imaged driving away from their past,” writes historian Natalie Scholz, but they were doing so in the “debris of the Nazi Empire.”"

公开的秘密：所有相关人员都心知肚明却无人公开言说的事实

"The Beetle’s origins were always what Scholz calls a “public secret.”"

受限制的；设有门槛的（常用来指金融上限制进入）

"So far, AI is controlled by private companies, and access to the best models is increasingly being gated by financial resources."

机械化；使之变成机械式的重复劳动或程序

"You might be saying, “Can we mechanize aesthetics so we can measure what is the most aesthetic proof?” And I, I don't think that's the direction to go."

双峰性地，出现两种主要分布模式地

"Scores coming in bimodally."

强壮、坚韧的；耐寒耐苦的（此处指代G.H. Hardy这个人名的谐音，衍生为‘毅力派的作风’）

"That's part of the mistakes that were made with the Hardy style: I only wanna talk to those students who are future PhD mathematicians."

教条；不容置疑的信念（此处调侃‘数学是教条’）

"I think this was the part I was concerned about mathematicians wouldn't like, to the “discovered” or “invented” question."

在变化中；动荡不定

"The fact that so many of us are using AI in different ways as part of our regular research, I think it shows you the practice of mathematics is in flux."

自命不凡的新手，暴发户

"Are you care either way if a proof if it's coming from a machine or if it's coming from an elder or if it's coming from a young upstart?"

逐渐展开的；（故事）徐徐呈现的

"I'm also wondering, since you seem to be saying that proofs are not the zenith of what we're after, insofar as they can contribute to an unfolding story or a richer story, yes."

谨慎的，周详的，审慎的

"No, no, no, no, I won't be circumspect at all. But there are no taboos."

顶点，最高峰，全盛期

"I'm also wondering, since you seem to be saying that proofs are not the zenith of what we're after..."

互联性，相互连接的程度

"You're talking about the interconnectivity across time and across disciplines of math."

地下的；隐秘的，不为人知的

"That math is this amazing, often sort of subterranean thing that occasionally pops up above the surface and we can see peaks, but we d-didn't realize that there are these subterranean branches connecting parts that are invisible until…"

反智主义，敌视或贬低理性思考与知识的思潮

"What I'm worried about is, is this is being used as a pretext, as a Trojan horse for anti-intellectualism, which is that people are coming with pitchforks and torches to burn down the library."

三重组合；第三种完美状态；三连胜

"It makes me think a little of this, um, trifecta that Terry Tao has been mentioning about concepts like proof generation, proof verification, which is what we're talking about now, and also proof digestion..."

干草叉（比喻充满敌意的群众武器）

"It's people who are coming with pitchforks and torches to burn down the library."

魅力，吸引力（神秘、迷人的光彩）

"There's a lot of glamour. Come on, how can you resist?"

格言，警句

"That's a good aphorism, I think that's right."

借口，托词

"What I'm worried about is, is this is being used as a pretext, as a Trojan horse for anti-intellectualism..."

支持，拥护（某种观点或理念）

"There's that old saying about “It's the journey, not the destination,” and you seem to be espousing that kind of philosophy..."

萌芽期的，未成熟的，发展初期的

"It feels to me like that is also in embryonic form, something we might get to by the end of our discussion today..."

可鄙的，可悲的；处于绝望境地的

"How many of them are actual solutions as opposed to maybe partial progress or complete abject nonsense 'cause it's just LLMs saying things, is one thing."

使困惑，难住

"AI systems are now producing proofs, spotting connections between distant fields, and, in a few cases, solving problems that had stumped mathematicians for decades."

无动于衷的，司空见惯而不感兴趣的

"I thought maybe we'd start with some of the recent advances that gave some mathematicians pause, while others were very blasé and unimpressed."

无底洞（比喻消耗大量资源的事物）

"I do worry that the ability to generate so many proofs that could be wrong could be a sinkhole for mathematicians, that there is now an industry of just checking those proofs."

被引诱，被诱惑

"Do any of you find yourself lured by the attraction of checking some of these proofs?"

悬念；悬而未决的戏剧性时刻

"There were cliffhangers. There were examples where it looked like we were all done, and then, uh-oh, we weren't."

华丽的辞藻；（常含贬义）空洞而华丽的说辞

"The Pan-American Highway that Oliveira hoped to pioneer was indeed born in a burst of fraternal rhetoric."

（组织或社会中的）等级阶梯；职位层级

"Beleaguered by a whisper campaign in Washington against his drive, Oliveira returned to Brazil disillusioned, and he rarely talked about his extraordinary excursion during the rest of his life, which was spent at the lowest rungs of Brazil’s consular service."

领事的

"Beleaguered by a whisper campaign in Washington against his drive, Oliveira returned to Brazil disillusioned, and he rarely talked about his extraordinary excursion during the rest of his life, which was spent at the lowest rungs of Brazil’s consular service."

强大的；（论点、魅力）极具说服力或影响深远的

"The ideals remained potent for half a century, and in 1966 the US declared the entire US interstate system part of the Pan-American Highway network."

同胞；同国人

"His compatriots shared his optimism."

（仪式、庆典等前的）号角齐鸣；隆重的宣传或炫耀

"With shining medals around his neck and a new Swiss chronograph on his wrist, Oliveira departed from Rio to the fanfare of two brass bands and a flourish of civic oratory."

骗子；冒牌货

"Even though he seemed to avoid the question himself, some at home wondered if his nationality, or worse, his likely African and Indigenous ancestry, played a role in his rejection as a legitimate explorer."

被侵蚀的；因水土流失而退化贫瘠的（景观）

"On both sides of the road, Oliveira surveyed the deforested Paraíba Valley, which had hosted the world’s first coffee boom – ranks of bean-fruiting bushes whose product had reached global markets in 60-kilo sacks on the backs of mules."

无法到达的；无法进入的

"In a strictly material sense, this greater project has been a remarkable success, millions of miles of functional automobile paths that have revolutionised movement and left few spaces inaccessible to wheels."

兄弟情谊；博爱；人与人之间的团结友爱关系

"A century ago, the Pan-American road promised a new era of fraternity between the two continents."

（机械运转时）发出连续快速的咔嗒声或震颤声

"The vehicle beneath him, a donated Ford Model T with a decade of delivering newspapers on the odometer, chattered with ease over alternating segments of fresh gravel and steaming asphalt that constituted Brazil’s new highway, connecting Rio de Janeiro with São Paulo."

具有讽刺意味的是

"Ironically, however, the key link in the system through Central America, over which the US took control and about which there was incomparable publicity, was the slowest to advance."

迟来的；过时的

"And they rejected his maps, which they described as not inaccurate but belated."

旅程；路线图；行程记录

"The evidence, however, suggests that Oliveira did exactly what he said he did. He arrived in Washington in early 1938 with a 500-page logbook of his itinerary, as well as photographs of himself and his companions posing with every mayor, governor and head of state they met along their route."

挫败；阻止（某人 / 计划）

"Sandino had thwarted, captured and even shot previous automotive adventurers who’d dared to pass through his territory."

沉重缓慢地行走；持续单调地进行

"Oliveira’s convictions kept him and two later companions at their task, plodding north, year after year."

(对旅行者来说) 危险的; 暗藏危机

"He soon learned why he had so many doubters. Over his excursion, he found little mileage as easy as the Rio to São Paulo highway. The way was treacherous, and motorists had died in previous attempts."

折磨人的；极度艰苦的

"Indeed, Oliveira’s gruelling daily toil did not let up until he entered the US state highway system almost a decade later."