Vocabulary

一种基于细菌免疫系统的基因编辑技术，全称为'成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列'

"What is the future of gene editing with CRISPR?"

暗能量，一种假设的宇宙能量形式，被认为是宇宙加速膨胀的推手

"What if we’ve been wrong about dark energy all along?"

基因编辑，指对生物体基因组进行定向修改的技术

"What is the future of gene editing with CRISPR?"

突然崛起、迅速兴起（指新技术的快速普及或影响力的暴涨）

"The discovery and sudden rise of CRISPR as a tool that can modify genes"

透过镜头视角的观察（比喻通过特定工具或视角的深入审视）

"A Through-The-Lens Look at the World’s Particle Physics Labs"

敬请关注、保持关注（用于预告后续内容）

"Check out the lineup of this season’s guests below — and stay tuned for a surprise or two."

详细解析、深入剖析（复杂概念或问题）

"Steven or Janna sits down with a leading scientist or mathematician to unpack one big idea or area of research."

覆盖面广的、内容广泛的（尤指讨论、兴趣或知识领域）

"The wide-ranging conversation explores the discovery and sudden rise of CRISPR"

共同发现者，指与他人合作首次发现某事物的人

"as co-discoverer of the CRISPR-Cas9 system"

阵容、系列（指节目、嘉宾或活动的完整名单）

"Check out the lineup of this season’s guests below"

宝库、珍贵收藏（比喻丰富的资源或信息集合）

"A Treasure Trove of Cambrian Fossils Rewrites the Story of Early Life"

高度精确的方式，指操作或过程的精确性极高

"can modify genes in a highly precise manner"

诺贝尔奖得主，特指获得诺贝尔奖的杰出学者

"kicking off on June 11 with biochemist and Nobel Laureate Jennifer Doudna"

对...警惕、谨慎。形容患者对现有药物的副作用感到担心和戒备。

"“...making it more acceptable to patients wary of side effects like sexual dysfunction or scalp irritation linked to current medications.""

与...完美契合、一致。强调两种不同事物（历史描述与现代理解）的匹配程度非常高。

""What surprised us was how consistently historical texts -- from the Tang Dynasty onward -- described effects that align perfectly with today's understanding of hair biology.""

通过...的视角/透镜。比喻用某种特定的理论、方法或观点来分析或看待某个主题。

"In the case of Polygonum multiflorum, centuries of use are now being examined through the lens of hormone biology, cell survival, growth signaling, and scalp circulation."

雄激素性脱发，一种由遗传因素和雄激素水平共同导致的进行性脱发疾病。

"Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of hair loss, affecting millions of men and women around the world."

激活关键的生物信号通路。将生物信号通路类比为电路开关，使用“turn on”这种拟人化的、形象的表达。

"It may also turn on key biological signals involved in regeneration, including Wnt and Shh pathways."

多药理学，并非文中直接出现，但“does not appear to act through only one biological route”和“multi-path approach”等描述暗示了该植物具有多靶点作用。此处“multi-path approach”是“polypharmacology”的通俗解释。

"Instead, researchers report that Polygonum multiflorum may influence several processes involved in hair loss and regrowth at the same time."

这是药理学。这是一个强调句，用于否定之前的“folklore”（民间传说）判断，从而重新定义传统草药的性质。

""Modern studies now confirm that this isn't folklore; it's pharmacology.""

毛囊萎缩。在这个语境下，“shrink”形象地描述了毛囊体积变小、功能衰退的过程。

"It usually develops gradually as hair follicles shrink over time."

良好的安全性概况。指某种药物或疗法在整体上副作用较少、毒性较低。

""When properly processed -- a key step in traditional preparation -- the herb shows a favorable safety profile, making it more acceptable to patients...""

桥接古老智慧与现代科学。比喻将传统知识与当代科学方法联系起来，形成连接。

""Our analysis bridges ancient wisdom and modern science," said Han bixian, the first author of a review..."

关键时刻；决定性时刻；真相大白之时

"But as more economic participants exhaust their means and rely on debt, a painful moment of truth will arrive—sooner rather than later if the Strait of Hormuz remains closed."

及早；在更早而非更晚的时间点；立即的倾向

"But as more economic participants exhaust their means and rely on debt, a painful moment of truth will arrive—sooner rather than later if the Strait of Hormuz remains closed."

霍尔木兹海峡（位于波斯湾与阿曼湾之间，全球最重要的石油运输通道）

"But as more economic participants exhaust their means and rely on debt, a painful moment of truth will arrive—sooner rather than later if the Strait of Hormuz remains closed."

耗尽资源、财力或手段

"But as more economic participants exhaust their means and rely on debt, a painful moment of truth will arrive—sooner rather than later if the Strait of Hormuz remains closed."

（市场或情绪）处于极佳状态，高涨；表现非常成功

"Markets are flying high despite geopolitical turmoil because a broad-based willingness to keep spending has been matched by an ability to keep doing so."

与……相匹配；被……平衡或抵消

"Markets are flying high despite geopolitical turmoil because a broad-based willingness to keep spending has been matched by an ability to keep doing so."

广泛的；涵盖多方面的；根基深厚的

"Markets are flying high despite geopolitical turmoil because a broad-based willingness to keep spending has been matched by an ability to keep doing so."

动物形植物；植物形动物 (指介于动物和植物之间的生物，如珊瑚、海葵)

"All are 'zoophytes': a category that emerged in antiquity for organisms displaying both plant and animal qualities."

误解，错误的理解 (强调是对事物本质或含义的完全错误把握)

"Or perhaps a medieval misapprehension of cotton?"

立足于现实；停留在现实之中 (强调精神或认知上不去幻想，而是专注于真实的世界)

"If we want to dwell in reality, and not give ourselves up to dreams, we must finally lay the lamb to rest."

兽；牲畜 (尤指体型较大的四足哺乳动物，或泛指野蛮的动物)

"And when they be ripe, men cut them a-two, and men find within a little beast, in flesh, in bone, and blood, as though it were a little lamb without wool."

裁定；评判 (作为权威者对争论、分歧进行正式裁决)

"Other naturalists had other theories — adjudicating the vegetable lamb's existence became a who's who of early modern science: Fortunio Liceti, Francis Bacon, Giambattista della Porta, and Athanasius Kircher all weighed in."

固着的；无柄的 (生物学术语，指固定在某处不能移动的，如牡蛎、海绵)

"Sessile marine organisms served as its prime example, but others forgot Aristotle's dictum regarding terrestrial fixity and fantasized about a paradigmatic zoophyte that would be at once a lamb and a plant."

融合、结合（形成一体）

"She ends the book with a glossary in which lyrical and scientific language coalesce in what are almost incantatory definitions of animals, plants, marine geology and ecology: Abyss; Alga; Amphipod, Anchovy; Angler Fish; Anguilla; [... ]."

（伤害）暗中积累的、不易察觉却危险的

"This insidious form of 'violence,' was no less cruel and deadly than 'violence towards fellow man.'"

发展轨迹、演变路径

"Carson bridged all these perspectives, following an intellectual trajectory that moved over the course of her adult life from conservation to ecology and ultimately to the politically engaged environmentalism of Silent Spring."

（知识、视野）广阔的、包容性强的

"Capacious, curious, lyrical and scientifically rigorous language, describing first the non-human marine world that she loved and later the devastating effects of artificial pesticides, became her way of exploring the interlinked relationships between living creatures, their habitats, and human beings."

截然不同的、异质的

"She enacted a method, too, one true for her Sea Trilogy and Silent Spring alike, synthesizing vast and otherwise disparate bodies of environmental knowledge, establishing and enlisting a community of writers, scientists, and citizens all engaged in the same pursuit."

精心打造、创作（抽象事物）

"Carson not only fashioned a book that anticipated much that was yet to come and still to be debated."

综合、融合（不同领域的知识）

"She enacted a method, too, one true for her Sea Trilogy and Silent Spring alike, synthesizing vast and otherwise disparate bodies of environmental knowledge, establishing and enlisting a community of writers, scientists, and citizens all engaged in the same pursuit."

（文学中）生动描绘视觉艺术的

"She gave Under the Sea Wind the subtitle 'A Naturalist's Picture of Ocean Life' and offered an ekphrastic portrayal of the migratory patterns of ocean birds and other creatures, tracing their lifespans from landscape to landscape and showing how each place contributed to their existence and how they each, in turn, influenced other living beings who made their home in that same place."

激励、激发（几代人采取行动）

"She is best known for Silent Spring (1962), a book that documented the harms of pesticide use and galvanized generations of environmental activists around the world."

弥合、连接（不同观点或传统）

"Carson bridged all these perspectives, following an intellectual trajectory that moved over the course of her adult life from conservation to ecology and ultimately to the politically engaged environmentalism of Silent Spring."

有先见之明的、预见性的

"Today, after nearly another quarter-century, Silent Spring is indeed more prescient than ever."

复杂的难题、无解之谜

"All these dilemmas and conundrums find urgent expression in Carson's work."

彻底理解、看透（复杂事物）

"Today, such foresight remains almost hard to fathom."

意义重大的、划时代的

"Amidst the momentous changes of her day, Carson not only fashioned a book that anticipated much that was yet to come and still to be debated."