Vocabulary

恶臭的排放物，臭气（通常指腐烂或污秽之物散发的气味）

"very pungent vapours are added in no small quantity, to the plentiful effluvia proceeding from fish, bags of oil, skins, &c."

消磨（时间），悠闲地度过（时间）

"and whiled away the dark winter days by spinning, weaving, telling stories, reciting poems, and playing chess."

直言不讳，不拐弯抹角（通常指说出令人不快的事实）

"Visitors at the time did not mince words."

臭名昭著地；以负面特质著称地

"...a notoriously difficult computational problem about roaming from place to place."

拼凑、草草组装

"...it was like the Wright brothers cobbling together a primitive plane..."

里程碑式的、具有开创性意义的

"The team’s landmark proof sparked a revolution in the study of sampling algorithms."

引发了一场革命（比喻根本性的改变）

"The team’s landmark proof sparked a revolution in the study of sampling algorithms."

顿悟时刻（突然找到解决方案的瞬间）

"He rarely experiences the eureka moments that abound in popular portrayals of mathematical research."

（在本质上）不同的、异质的

"Researchers who draw connections between disparate fields often cultivate their breadth of knowledge..."

遥远的、分布广泛的

"...his use of novel tools from far-flung reaches of mathematics..."

藏匿、秘密存放

"He keeps notebooks stashed throughout their house, in case inspiration strikes at odd hours..."

（从众多中）挑选、摘取

"...and pluck out new tools to use in his own work."

刺激、促进、引发

"...in hopes of spurring another nocturnal breakthrough, without success."

攻克、成功解决（难题）

"...finally conquered the most general version of the problem in December of that year..."

渴望、迫不及待地想要

"In late 2018, ... Oveis Gharan was already itching for another challenge."

（文章/证明）密集的、信息量大的、难读的

"...write up the dense 90-page paper describing their result."

明显的、可察觉的（尤指情感或气氛）

"His enthusiasm for his work is palpable, even infectious."

无法抑制的、活力充沛的

"...with unruly black hair and an irrepressible smile."

阻止、阻碍（使无法进展）

"...you won’t get stymied by cases where the shortest spanning tree turns out to be a bad choice."

（因不满足或渴望变化而）焦躁不安、坐立不定的

"...he gets restless... Physically as well as intellectually, Oveis Gharan seems to have trouble staying still."

利用（尤指自然力或技术）

"Oveis Gharan and his colleagues hoped to avoid these extra-long routes by first harnessing randomness to select a promising spanning tree..."

被吸引而倾向（某物或某人）

"Most researchers gravitate toward tools that match the problems they hope to solve..."

棘手的、充满困难的

"...the traveling salesperson problem, the famously thorny question that he would wrestle with..."

（因某成就或品质而）著名的

"...Oveis Gharan is renowned for his work on the traveling salesperson problem..."

培养、发展（某种品质或能力）

"Researchers who draw connections between disparate fields often cultivate their breadth of knowledge..."

（因成功或支持而）增强、巩固

"Bolstered by that success, Oveis Gharan... set out to prove that a similar method could beat Christofides’ record..."

（毫不犹豫地）投身于、深入研究

"He doesn’t hesitate to plunge into the literature on unfamiliar subjects..."

非正统的、不循规蹈矩的

"...shifting constantly from one unorthodox position to another..."

徒劳地、无结果地

"Ever since then, researchers have tried in vain to craft an algorithm..."

(正式的) 谴责；控诉。一种强有力的批评，认为某事或某人应该受到指责。

"The fact that they still get the majority of their information about each other from third-party, usually Western, sources, is an indictment of the mutual failure of investment in understanding each other directly."

持续的、长期的互动。强调交流不是一次性的或短暂的，而是在一段时间内稳定、连续地发生。

"It lies at the intersection of deep study and the epiphanies born of sustained interactions with everyday people, not in a single meeting with think tankers."

日常的忧虑/关切。指人们日常生活中所关注的那些普通的、平凡的事情。

"On-the-ground reporting matters because a country should not be defined by propaganda from its generals and strategists, but by its people and their cumulative hopes and quotidian preoccupations."

重复；重现。尤指一部作品、表演或事件的再次出现。

"Where India makes sovereign strategic choices, expressions of a proudly independent foreign policy, China perceives them, instinctively, through the prism of historical memory: a reprise of the apparent willingness to align with Western power against China’s interests."

掏空……的核心；使……一蹶不振。原指取出动物的内脏，这里比喻性地表示摧毁了某物最核心、最本质的部分。

"Parsi and Marwari merchants were among the commercial intermediaries of the opium trade that Britain forced onto the Qing Empire at gunpoint — a trade that, by the mid-19th century, had created millions of addicts and gutted Chinese silver reserves."

明显地散发出（某种特质、情感或气氛）。

"Today’s younger generation in China exudes less of this comradely warmth."

放肆的；自以为是的；僭越的。形容某人做了或说了超越自己身份、地位或能力范围的事情，显得过分自信或大胆。

"The view of India seems to have shifted from a potential peer to, at best, a laggard to be advised, or, at worst, a presumptuous rival to be put in its place."

潜流；隐蔽的、不易察觉但强大且持续存在的暗势力、情绪或趋势。

"The conversations that transpired at the talk revealed a subterranean current in one of Asia’s most consequential relationships."

脱离现实；失去与现实的联系。形容观点、说法或行为缺乏事实基础，如同船只失去了锚。

"Social media has played an unhelpful role by amplifying deeply held perceptions about India’s tendency toward boastfulness that is unmoored from reality."

(被) 与历史捆绑在一起/受到历史的束缚。比喻一个民族或国家无法摆脱其历史经验的制约，这些历史如同手铐一样限制着现在的行为和看法。

"We are all handcuffed to our histories — nations like India and China, who have spent much of the last century recovering from the wounds of colonialization, even more than others."

带有一种……的负荷或内涵；（言语或行为）蕴含了某种强烈的情感、政治或道德意义。

"The term Ah San — No. 3, the subordinate, the lackey — embedded itself in the Chinese imagination as a descriptor for Indians generally, carrying a charge of willingness to do the white man’s bidding against one’s fellow Asians."

发生。

"The conversations that transpired at the talk revealed a subterranean current in one of Asia’s most consequential relationships."

以一种不连贯、充满阻碍的方式，缓慢且艰难地进入一个重新调整或修复的阶段。

"The dialogue, organized by the Center for China and Globalization, was part of ongoing efforts to normalize the situation between India and China, which has been sputtering into a reset after the diplomatic freeze that followed the 2020 Galwan Valley clashes along the disputed border."

强大的、无可抗拒的吸引力或影响力，一种决定性的支配力量。

"In contrast, Beijing exerts gravitational force on strategic thinking in New Delhi."

中转站，集散点（货物或人员聚集并准备进入下一步处置的地方）

"Regina, the capital of Saskatchewan, was known as Pile-of-Bones because it was a staging point for bison bone."

大量毁灭，大幅度减少（原意为每十人杀一人，现引申为毁灭性打击）

"The shaggy bovines of the plains and boreal forests were nearly hunted to extinction in a frenzy of killing that decimated their population."